Stoma related complications: A registry study based on a prospective registration system

Table 4 Associations between clinicopathological factors and stoma complications (n = 734), n (%)

Factors	With complications, n = 90	No complication, n = 644	P value
Age (year)			0.90
< 65	61 (67.8)	431 (66.9)
≥ 65	29 (32.2)	213 (33.1)
Sex			0.91
Male	59 (65.6)	414 (64.3)
Female	31 (34.4)	230 (35.7)
Tumor location			0.73
Rectal	81 (90.0)	569 (88.4)
Colon	9 (10.0)	75 (11.6)
cT stage			0.96
cT1-3	61 (67.8)	435 (67.5)
cT4	29 (32.2)	209 (32.5)
cN stage			0.21
cN0	18 (20.0)	96 (14.9)
cN+	72 (80.0)	548 (85.1)
pT stage			0.64
pT1-3	76 (84.4)	531 (82.5)
pT4	14 (15.6)	113 (17.5)
pN stage			0.07
pN0	62 (68.9)	381 (59.2)
pN+	28 (31.1)	263 (40.8)
Neoadjuvant CRT			0.95
Yes	26 (28.9)	184 (28.6)
No	64 (71.1)	460 (71.4)
Duration of surgery (hour)			0.18
< 4	80 (88.9)	598 (92.9)
≥ 4	10 (11.1)	46 (7.1)
Blood loss (mL)			0.05
< 500	84 (93.3)	627 (97.4)
≥ 500	6 (6.7)	17 (2.6)
Length of stay (days)			0.06
≤ 7	24 (26.7)	238 (37.0)
> 7	66 (73.3)	406 (63.0)
Hypertension			0.42
Yes	1 (1.1)	16 (2.5)
No	89 (98.9)	628 (97.5)
Diabetes			0.21
Yes	8 (8.9)	88 (13.7)
No	82 (91.1)	556 (86.3)
Stoma location			0.00a
Ileostoma	53 (58.9)	199 (30.9)
Colon stoma	37 (41.1)	445 (69.1)
Stoma color			0.00a
Normal	81 (90.0)	643 (99.8)
Abnormal	9 (10.0)	1 (0.2)
Stoma shape			0.05
Regular	87 (96.7)	638 (99.1)
Irregular	3 (3.3)	6 (0.9)
Surgery type			0.01a
Laparoscopic	61 (67.8)	522 (81.1)
Open	29 (32.2)	122 (18.9)
Stoma edema			0.00a
Yes	27 (30.0)	97 (15.1)
No	63 (70.0)	547 (84.9)
BMI	-		0.01a
< 30	78 (86.7)	603 (93.6)
≥ 30	12 (13.3)	41 (6.4)
Stoma height (cm)			0.05
1-3	76 (84.4)	607 (94.3)
Others	14 (15.6)	37 (5.7)

^aP < 0.05.

BMI: Body mass index; CRT: Chemoradiation therapy.