Secular trend in universal hepatocellular carcinoma prevention: Taiwan, Poland, and Belgium experience

Figure 1 Age-standardized incidence rates (with age-truncated population ≥ 30 and ≤ 89 years) of hepatocellular carcinoma in Taiwan, Poland, and Flanders, 2000-2019, and estimated age-period-cohort change. In Taiwan, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) from 2000-2004 to 2015-2019 decreased significantly for both males and females, with age-period-cohort (APC) was -1.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.30 to -0.49) in males and -1.99 (95%CI: -3.92 to -0.16) in females. In Poland, the ASIR from 2000-2004 to 2015-2019 decreased significantly for both males and females with APC was -1.47 (95%CI: -1.92 to -1.10) in males and -2.54 (95%CI: -3.53 to -1.63) in females. In Flanders, the ASIR from 2000-2004 to 2015-2019 increased significantly for both males and females with APC was 5.27 (95%CI: 2.65-7.69) in males and 3.28 (95%CI: 2.95-3.53) in females. ^aP < 0.05.