Predictive modeling for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with abdominal malignancies using synthetic minority oversampling technique

Table 1 Comparative analysis of clinical data between delirium and non-delirium patient groups

Factor	Delirium group (n = 140)	Non-delirium group (n = 471)	Z/t/χ2	P value
Age (yr)	71.00 ± 3.32	70.37 ± 4.45	1.813	0.071
Gender (male/female)	75/65	257/214	0.043	0.836
BMI (kg/m2)	23.41 ± 3.96	24.06 ± 2.34	1.849	0.066
Charlson comorbidity index, n (%)			9.497	0.002
0-2	62 (44.29)	278 (59.02)
≥ 3	78 (55.71)	193 (40.98)
Tumor TMN stage, n (%)			3.722	0.054
I-II	98 (70.00)	367 (77.92)
III-IV	42 (30.00)	104 (22.08)
American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, n (%)			10.999	0.001
I-II	112 (80.00)	307 (65.18)
III-IV	28 (20.00)	164 (34.82)
Nutritional risk, n (%)			0.853	0.356
< 3 patients	78 (55.71)	283 (60.08)
≥ 3 patients	62 (44.29)	188 (39.92)
History of cerebrovascular disease, n (%)	15 (10.71)	24 (5.10)	5.702	0.017
Postoperative hemoglobin level (g/L)	116.34 ± 15.85	114.91 ± 17.33	0.917	0.360
Postoperative blood potassium level (mmol/L)	4.41 ± 0.25	4.39 ± 0.24	0.839	0.403
Postoperative hematocrit (%)	32.17 ± 2.58	32.44 ± 2.17	1.126	0.262
Postoperative cholesterol level (mg/dL)	176.52 ± 50.15	167.56 ± 42.15	1.922	0.056
Postoperative serum creatinine value (μmol/L)	75.43 ± 24.87	72.32 ± 22.89	1.322	0.187
Postoperative alanine transaminase level (U/L)	43.69 ± 4.33	42.94 ± 4.45	1.788	0.075
Surgical method			0.040	0.842
Laparoscopic	124 (88.57)	420 (89.17)
Open	16 (11.43)	51 (10.83)
Surgical duration (min)	228 (203,251)	213 (196,231)	2.293	0.023
Intraoperative bleeding volume (mL)	100 (201,527)	90 (151,350)	1.765	0.079
Perioperative blood transfusion, n (%)	28 (20.00)	49 (10.40)	9.024	0.003
Postoperative pain score	4.01 ± 1.35	3.31 ± 1.10	5.607	< 0.001
Atomization use, n (%)	56 (40.00)	173 (36.73)	0.492	0.483
Ventilator use, n (%)	4 (2.86)	4 (0.85)	3.367	0.067

BMI: Body mass index.