Expression and significance of pigment epithelium-derived factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in colorectal adenoma and cancer

Table 1 Clinical features of colorectal cancer in relation to pigment epithelium-derived factors and vascular endothelial growth factors expression

Characteristics	PEDF				VEGF
	+~+++ [n (%)]	χ2 =	P value		+++ [n (%)]	χ2 =	P value
Age (years)
< 60	10 (50)	0.000	1.000		5 (25)	0.397	0.529
≥ 60	15 (50)				10 (33.3)
Gender
Male	17 (51.5)	0.089	0.765		8 (24.2)	1.532	0.216
Female	8 (47.1)				7 (41.2)
Tumor site (cm)
< 5	11 (42.3)	1.282	0.258		6 (23.1)	1.236	0.266
≥ 5	14 (58.3)				9 (37.5)
Tumor
Rectum	14 (58.3)	1.810	0.405		5 (20.8)	3.5561	0.1931
Left colon	5 (35.7)				7 (50)
Right colon	6 (50)				3 (25)
Tumor differentiation
Medium-low differentiation	5 (19.2)	20.513	< 0.001		13 (50)	10.317	0.001
High	20 (83.3)				2 (8.3)
Serous membrane infiltration
No	13 (68.4)	4.160	0.041		0 (0)	13.134	< 0.001
Yes	12 (38.7)				15 (48.4)
Lymph node metastasis
No	17 (65.4)	5.128	0.024		1 (3.8)	17.643	< 0.001
Yes	8 (33.3)				14 (58.3)
Remote metastasis
No	22 (61.1)	6.349	0.012		4 (11.1)	21.8442	< 0.0012
Yes	3 (21.4)				11 (78.6)
Staging Tumors (AJCC)
I + II	17 (65.4)	5.128	0.024		1 (3.8)	17.643	< 0.001
III + IV	8 (33.3)				14 (58.3)

¹Chi-square test; χ² =Fisher's exact test. PEDF: Pigment epithelium-derived factors; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factors.