Intratumour microbiome of pancreatic cancer

Figure 1 The origin and localization of the intratumour microbiome in pancreatic cancer. The microbiome in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) may originate from the gut and the oral cavity. The microbiome located in the oral cavity and gut can reach the pancreas via the pancreatic duct. But also exists the possibility of drainage via blood and lymph. The microbiome located in the gut migrates through the damaged intestinal epithelial barrier into the pancreas via venous blood, especially in the inferior gastrointestinal tract. In the case of oral microbiome, it can also enter the pancreas via the venous or lymphatic drainage. And the PDAC intratumour microbiome locates in tumour cells, immune cells and outside cells.