Low body mass index is an independent predictor of poor long-term prognosis among patients with resectable gastric cancer

Table 3 Cox proportional hazard regression model for overall survival

	Univariate		Multivariate1
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Sex
Male	Ref		Ref
Female	0.897 (0.742-1.085)	0.263	0.970 (0.798-1.180)	0.763
Age
< 65 yr	Ref		Ref
≥ 65 yr	1.362 (1.162-1.598)	< 0.001	1.161 (0.985-1.367)	0.075
Preoperative weight loss
0% or increased	Ref		Ref
0%–5%	1.210 (0.934-1.568)	0.148	0.964 (0.740-1.256)	0.786
> 5%	1.612 (1.355-1.918)	< 0.001	1.122 (0.937-1.342)	0.210
BMI
18.5-24.9 kg/m2	Ref		Ref
25-29.9 kg/m2	0.883 (0.747-1.043)	0.143	0.885 (0.746-1.049)	0.160
≥ 30 kg/m2	0.792 (0.533-1.177)	0.249	0.824 (0.551-1.230)	0.343
< 18.5 kg/m2	1.368 (0.996-1.880)	0.053	1.558 (1.125-2.158)	0.008
Tumor location
Lower	Ref		Ref
Middle	1.049 (0.828-1.328)	0.692	1.098 (0.863-1.395)	0.447
Upper	1.886 (1.579-2.253)	< 0.001	1.409 (1.155-1.717)	0.001
Entire	3.512 (2.639-4.674)	< 0.001	1.748 (1.292-2.366)	< 0.001
Tumor diameter
≤ 5 cm	Ref		Ref
> 5 cm	2.488 (2.141-2.892)	< 0.001	1.256 (1.068-1.477)	0.006
Borrmann type
EGC	Ref		Ref
I	4.861 (3.082-7.666)	< 0.001	1.206 (0.659-2.208)	0.544
II	4.374 (2.971-6.440)	< 0.001	1.205 (0.685-2.120)	0.518
III	8.817 (6.114-12.717)	< 0.001	1.587 (0.905-2.784)	0.107
IV	14.778 (9.703-22.510)	< 0.001	1.967 (1.070-3.613)	0.029
Histological type
Differentiated	Ref		Ref
Undifferentiated	1.495 (1.237-1.806)	< 0.001	0.891 (0.724-10.96)	0.275
PNI
No	Ref		Ref
Yes	2.785 (2.390-3.246)	< 0.001	1.064 (0.886-1.278)	0.507
LVI
No	Ref		Ref
Yes	2.764 (2.355-3.243)	< 0.001	1.231 (1.039-1.457)	0.016
pT status
1a	Ref		Ref
1b	1.596 (0.778-3.274)	0.202	1.343 (0.652-2.765)	0.424
2	3.338 (1.727-6.454)	< 0.001	1.607 (0.749-3.451)	0.223
3	9.302 (5.086-17.012)	< 0.001	2.519 (1.201-5.284)	0.014
4a	17.766 (9.732-32.433)	< 0.001	3.898 (1.844-8.239)	< 0.001
4b	18.263 (9.415-35.427)	< 0.001	3.950 (1.778-8.775)	< 0.001
pN status
0	Ref		Ref
1	3.055 (2.316-4.030)	< 0.001	1.787 (1.314-2.394)	< 0.001
2	4.849 (3.717-6.326)	< 0.001	2.544 (1.898-3.411)	< 0.001
3a	9.325 (7.207-12.066)	< 0.001	4.095 (3.042-5.512)	< 0.001
3b	11.071 (8.540-14.352)	< 0.001	4.345 (3.182-5.932)	< 0.001
eLNs
≥ 30	Ref		Ref
16–29	1.055 (0.901-1.236)	0.505	1.282 (1.083-1.518)	0.004
< 16	0.944 (0.724-1.232)	0.672	1.515 (1.139-2.015)	0.004

¹Adjusted for all variables shown in the table.

Statistically significant results are shown in bold font. HR: Hazard ratio; Ref: Reference (hazard ratio = 1.0); BMI: Body mass index; PNI: Perineural invasion; LVI: Lymphovascular invasion; eLNs: Examined lymph nodes; EGC: Epigallocatechin.