Comparison of survival between adolescent and young adult vs older patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Characteristic		Univariate analysis, HR (95%CI)	P value	Multivariate analysis, HR (95%CI)	P value
Age
	AYA	Reference		Reference
	Older	1.504 (1.307-1.732)	< 0.001	1.405 (1.218-1.621)	< 0.001
Sex
	Male	Reference		Reference
	Female	0.817 (0.775-0.861)	< 0.001	0.898 (0.851-0.947)	< 0.001
Race
	White	Reference		Reference
	Black	1.293 (1.223-1.368)	< 0.001	1.109 (1.048-1.174)	< 0.001
	Other	0.812 (0.767-0.860)	< 0.001	0.871 (0.823-0.923)	< 0.001
Marital status
	Not married	Reference		Reference
	Married	0.805 (0.767-0.846)	< 0.001	0.931 (0.885-0.980)	0.006
AJCC stage
	I	Reference		Reference
	II	1.028 (0.967-1.093)	0.376	1.116 (1.049-1.188)	< 0.001
	III	2.810 (2.662-2.966)	< 0.001	2.138 (2.021-2.262)	< 0.001
	IV	5.629 (5.290-5.990)	< 0.001	3.128 (2.925-3.345)	< 0.001
Grade
	I	Reference		Reference
	II	1.068 (1.016-1.123)	0.010	1.214 (1.154-1.277)	< 0.001
	III	1.856 (1.754-1.964)	< 0.001	1.708 (1.612-1.811)	< 0.001
	IV	2.270 (1.974-2.610)	< 0.001	1.998 (1.735-2.300)	< 0.001
Surgery
	No	Reference		Reference
	Yes	0.223 (0.213-0.234)	< 0.001	0.239 (0.226-0.252)	< 0.001
Radiation
	No	Reference		Reference
	Yes	1.428 (1.321-1.544)	< 0.001	0.712 (0.658-0.771)	< 0.001
Chemotherapy
	No	Reference		Reference
	Yes	1.053 (1.009-1.099)	0.018	0.598 (0.571-0.626)	< 0.001

OS: Overall survival; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confident interval; AYA: Adolescent and young adult; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; Grade I: Well differentiated; Grade II: Moderately differentiated; Grade III: Poorly differentiated; Grade IV: Undifferentiated.