Endoscopic full-thickness resection for treating small tumors originating from the muscularis propria in the gastric fundus: An improvement in technique over 15 years

Table 2 Operation time, cost, and en-bloc resection and complication rates

	L-EFTR	S-EFTR	E-EFTR	P value
Total operation duration (min)	27.2 ± 26.28	14.0 ± 8.19	33.0 ± 21.99	0.148
Operation duration of tumor resection (min)	18.4 ± 26.31	4.7 ± 3.39	23.6 ± 13.74	0.085
Operation duration of defect closure (min)	8.8 ± 4.39	9.3 ± 5.07	9.4 ± 9.10	0.965
Total procedure cost (CNY)	5970.7 ± 3465.27	5852.0 ± 6438.25	15837.5 ± 7212.96	< 0.001
Cost of tumor resection (CNY)	3952.2 ± 1866.49	525.0 ± 0	5253.5 ± 2200.48	< 0.001
Cost of defect closure (CNY)	2018.8 ± 3232.47	5237.0 ± 6438.25	10584.0 ± 5857.06	0.001
En-bloc resection rate, %	100	100	100
Complication rate, %	0	0	0

L-EFTR: Ligation-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection; S-EFTR: Snare-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection; E-EFTR: Endoscopic submucosal dissection-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection.