Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants and low molecular weight heparin in gastrointestinal cancer-associated venous thromboembolism

Table 3 Baseline characteristics of the study population

Baseline characteristics	LMWH (%)	DOACs (%)	Apixaban (%)	Rivaroxaban (%)
N (%)	40	66	29 (44)	37 (56)
Age at cancer diagnosis (median years)	66	67	68	65
(range)	37-80	37-83	43-83	37-79
Age at VTE event (median years)	66	68	68	65
(range)	40-80	37-83	43-83	37-79
Weight (median kg)	71.0	73.0	69.5	77.0
(range)	42-130	42-168	42-168	56-130
Gender (Male)	18 (45)	41 (62)	17 (59)	24 (65)
Race (white)	32 (80)	52 (79)	21 (72)	31 (84)
Current smoker	10 (25)	12 (18)	6 (21)	6 (15)
Antiplatelet therapy	5 (12.5)	8 (12)	5 (17)	3 (8)
Prior treated VTE	2 (5)	7 (11)	2 (7)	5 (13)
Cancer diagnosis
Pancreas	15 (37.5)	28 (42)	14 (50)	14 (38)
Colon	8 (20)	18 (27)	8 (25)	10 (27)
Rectal	2 (5)	5 (8)	1 (3.5)	4 (11)
NET	3 (7.5)	4 (6)	1 (3.5)	3 (8)
Gastric	4 (10)	3 (5)	1 (3.5)	2 (5)
Esophageal	0	3 (5)	1 (3.5)	2 (5)
Appendix	1 (2.5)	3 (5)	2 (7)	1 (3)
Biliary	3 (7.5)	1 (1)	1 (3.5)	0
GEJ	1 (2.5)	1 (1)	0	1 (3)
HCC	3 (7.5)	0	0	0
Stage at VTE diagnosis
I	1 (2.5)	1 (1)	1 (3.5)	0
II	7 (17.5)	7 (11)	3 (10.75)	4 (10)
III	3 (7.5)	12 (19)	3 (10.75)	9 (25)
IV	29 (72.5)	46 (69)	22 (75)	24 (65)
Prior chemotherapy	24 (40)	24 (36)	11 (38)	13 (35)
Current chemotherapy	24 (40)	29 (47)	18 (62)	13 (35)
VTE diagnosis
PE/DVT	11 (27.5)	8 (12)	5 (17)	3 (8)
PE	7 (17.5)	8 (12)	2 (7)	6 (16)
DVT	22 (55)	50 (75)	22 (75)	28 (76)
Identifiable risk factor		10 (16)	5 (17)	5 (14)
Recent surgery/Hospitalization	2 (5)	4 (6)	3 (10)	1 (3)
Central venous catheter	2 (5)	6 (9)	2 (7)	4 (11)
Khorana score
Low	11 (27.5)	19 (28)	7 (24)	12 (32)
Intermediate	18 (45)	25 (38)	11 (38)	14 (38)
High	11 (27.5)	22 (34)	11 (38)	11 (30)
Therapy completion	25 (62.5)	43 (65)	20 (69)	23 (62)
Anticoagulation length (median mo)	4	6.5	8	6
(range)	1-33	0.3-40	2-29	0.3-40

VTE: Venous thromboembolism; PE: Pulmonary embolism; DVT: Deep vein thrombosis; NET: Neuroendocrine tumor; GEJ: Gastro-esophageal junction; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; DOAC: Direct oral anticoagulant; LMWH: Low molecular weight heparin.