Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants and low molecular weight heparin in gastrointestinal cancer-associated venous thromboembolism

Table 1 Clinical trials for low molecular weight heparin primary efficacy and secondary safety compared to vitamin K antagonist

Study (yr)	InterventionLMWH	Reported efficacy (rVTE) (%)	Reported safety (MB) (%)	Control VKA	Reported efficacy (rVTE) (%)	Reported safety (MB) (%)	Mortality Benefit at 12 mo
CLOT (2003)[3]	Dalteparin	9.0	6.0	Warfarin	17.0	4.0	HR 0.50, 95%CI: 0.27-0.95
LITE (2006)[4]	Tinzaparin	7.0	0.0	Warfarin	16.0	2.1	NS
CANTHANOX (2002)[5]	Enoxaparin	10.5	5.0	Warfarin	21.1	12.0	NS
ONCENOX (2006)[6]	Enoxaparin	6.3	6.5	Warfarin	10.0	2.1	NS
CATCH (2015)[7]	Tinzaparin	7.2	2.6	Tinzaparin + Warfarin	10.5	2.4	NS

LMWH: Low molecular weight heparin; VKA: Vitamin K antagonist; rVTE: Recurrent venous thromboembolism; MB: Major bleeding.