Use of fully covered self-expanding metal stents in benign biliary diseases

Table 2 Indications for the use of biliary fully covered self-expanding metal stents

Treatment of benign biliary strictures
- Postcholecystectomy
- Post liver transplantation
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Papillary stenosis
- Bile duct stones and cholangitis
- Parasitic biliary infections
-Other forms of surgical biliary interventions and less frequent medical diseases such as primary sclerosing cholangitis or autoimmune pancreatitis
Treatment of biliary leaks
Sealing of papillary area perforations and bleeding after ERCP and biliary sphincterotomy
Extraction of biliary uncovered SEMS
EUS-guided biliary drainage

ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; SEMS: Self-expanding metal stent; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound.