Advancing hemostasis: A meta-analysis of novel vs conventional endoscopic therapies for non variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Figure 6 The boxplots show the distribution of key trial-level covariates (mean age, male percentage, ulcer percentage, and neoplasm percentage) across the treatments (over-the-scope clips, hemostatic powder, and computed tomography). A: Mean age: Similar ranges across all treatment groups, indicating comparability; B: Male percentage: Slight differences but overlaps suggest transitivity is likely maintained; C: Ulcer percentage: Variability observed between groups; may need further exploration for potential impact; D: Neoplasm percentage: Differences between treatment groups could affect transitivity, especially if one treatment is more commonly applied in neoplasm-related cases. OTSC: Over-the-scope clips; HP: Hemostatic powder; CT: Computed tomography.