Advancing hemostasis: A meta-analysis of novel vs conventional endoscopic therapies for non variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Table 2 Summarizes the results of the pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis across all outcomes

Outcome	Number of studies	Pairwise meta-analysis (OTSC vs CT)	Pairwise meta-analysis (HP vs CT)	Pairwise meta-analysis (OTSC vs HP)	I² (%)	Network meta-analysis (OTSC vs CT)	Network meta-analysis (HP vs CT)	Network meta-analysis (OTSC vs HP)
30-day rebleeding rate	8	0.47 (0.33-0.65)	0.73 (0.45-1.13)	0.56 (0.30-1.05)	0.0	0.41 (0.25-0.63)	0.73 (0.45-1.13)	0.56 (0.30-1.05)
Short-term rebleeding rate	8	0.43 (0.23-0.80)	0.62 (0.28-1.35)	0.59 (0.17-1.67)	0.0	0.35 (0.14-0.74)	0.62 (0.28-1.35)	0.59 (0.17-1.67)
Initial hemostasis rate	8	1.09 (0.99-1.20)	1.13 (0.99-1.35)	1.08 (0.89-1.40)	0.0	1.20 (1.06-1.57)	1.13 (0.99-1.35)	1.08 (0.89-1.40)
Necessity of salvage therapy	8	1.31 (0.66-2.60)	1.41 (0.50-3.95)	0.95 (0.24-3.98)	0.0	1.34 (0.55-3.53)	1.41 (0.50-3.95)	0.95 (0.24-3.98)
All-cause mortality rate	8	0.61 (0.35-1.06)	0.99 (0.51-1.77)	0.55 (0.22-1.45)	0.0	0.54 (0.27-1.06)	0.99 (0.51-1.77)	0.55 (0.22-1.45)
Bleeding-related mortality rate	8	0.37 (0.10-1.34)	0.44 (0.10-1.92)	0.90 (0.07-10.89)	0.0	0.32 (0.05-1.45)	0.44 (0.10-1.92)	0.90 (0.07-10.89)

OTSC: Over-the-scope clips; HP: Hemostatic powder; CT: Computed tomography.