Efficacy and safety of endoscopic gastroplasty for treatment of obesity: An overview of comparative meta-analyses

Table 4 The effect of endoscopic gastroplasty vs other interventions on excessive weight loss

Ref.	Country	Number of studies & participants	Intervention and comparator	Effect measure	Effect size (95%CI)	Interpretation with respect to intervention
6 months
Singh et al[9], 2020	United States	1 study; 58 participants	ESG vs IGB	% mean difference	20.80 (12.50-29.10)	ESG achieved significantly (P = 0.0001) superior weight loss compared to IGB
Madruga-Neto et al[4], 2018	Brazil	2 studies; 127 participants	EG vs CT	% mean difference	17.87 (-1.8 to 37.54)	There was no significant (P = 0.07) difference between the groups, although the EG group presented higher effect than the control group
12 months
Singh et al[9], 2020	United States	1 study; 58 participants	ESG vs IGB	% mean difference	30.99 (22.81-39.16)	ESG achieved significantly (P = 0.0001) superior weight loss compared to IGB
Mohan et al[13], 2020	United States	9 studies	ESG vs LSG	% pooled mean	ESG: 62.3 (51.3-74.6); LSG: 69.3 (60.1-78.4)	There was no significant (P = 0.4) difference between LSG and ESG
Madruga-Neto et al[4], 2018	Brazil	2 studies; 127 participants	EG vs CT	% mean difference	16.01 (-1.48 to 33.5)	There was no significant (P = 0.07) difference between the groups, although the EG group presented higher effect than the control group
Brunaldi et al[14], 2018	Brazil	14 studies; 619 participants	FTS-APC vs FTS-alone	% mean difference	FTS-APC: 27.0 ± 2.91; FTS-alone: 17.8 ± 15.3	The FTS-APC group and demonstrated significantly a greater weight loss compared to FTS alone (P < 0.001)
18-24 months
Singh et al[9], 2020	United States	1 study; 58 participants	ESG vs IGB	% mean difference	43.78 (35.98-51.58)	ESG achieved significantly (P = 0.0001) superior weight loss compared to IGB
Brunaldi et al[14], 2018	Brazil	10 studies; 455 participants	FTS-APC vs FTS-alone	% mean difference	FTS-APC: 24.2 ± 0.84; FTS-alone: 11.7 ± 21.6	The FTS-APC group and demonstrated significantly a greater weight loss compared to FTS alone (P < 0.001)

CT: Conservative therapy; EG: Endoscopic gastroplasty; ESG: Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty; IGB: Intragastric balloon; LSG: Laparoscopic sleeve gastroplasty; FTS: Full-thickness suturing; APC: Argon plasma coagulation.