Stenting as a bridge to surgery in obstructing colon cancer: Long-term recurrence pattern and competing risk of mortality

Table 2 Cumulative incidence of colorectal cancer-specific death by potential risk factors after endoscopic stenting followed by curative resection

Variable	CRC-specific death (mo)
	12	36	60
Age
< 70 yr	0.00	0.22	0.37
≥ 70 yr	0.06	0.10	0.21
Sex
Female	0.04	0.27	0.45
Male	0.03	0.09	0.20
Stent failure
No	0.04	0.15	0.31
Yes	0.00	0.25	0.25
Surgical approach
Open	0.06	0.16	0.22
Laparoscopic	0.00	0.15	0.40
T4 staging
No	0.04	0.14	0.18
Yes	0.00	0.23	0.62
N2
No	0.02	0.13	0.26
Yes	0.09	0.27	0.36
Tumour deposit(s)
No	0.04	0.13	0.26
Yes	0.00	0.28	0.40
Microscopic margin involvement (R1 resection)
No	0.04	0.15	0.29
Yes	0.00	0.25	0.25
Histology
Adenocarcinoma	0.02	0.15	0.29
Mucinous adenocarcinoma	0.33	0.33	0.33
Poorly differentiated
No	0.03	0.16	0.30
Yes	0.00	0.00	0.00
Perineural infiltration
No	0.05	0.08	0.17
Yes	0.00	0.30	0.52
Lymphovascular invasion
No	0.02	0.10	0.10
Yes	0.06	0.30	0.64
Pericolic microabscess
No	0.04	0.14	0.29
Yes	0.00	0.29	0.29
Albumin (g/dL)
≥ 3.0	0.02	0.15	0.26
< 3.0	0.10	0.21	0.56
CEA (µg/L)
< 5.3	0.00	0.13	0.22
≥ 5.3	0.06	0.18	0.35
ASA classification
I/II	0.02	0.12	0.28
III	0.13	0.38	0.38
Diabetes mellitus
No	0.04	0.13	0.28
Yes	0.00	0.25	0.35
Perioperative major complication(s)
No	0.04	0.15	0.29
Yes	0.00	-	-
Adjuvant chemotherapy
No	0.03	0.07	0.21
Yes	0.03	0.24	0.37
Lung-only recurrence
No	0.04	0.16	0.28
Yes	0.00	0.13	0.34
Liver-only recurrence
No	0.04	0.12	0.24
Yes	0.00	0.38	0.69
Peritoneum-only recurrence
No	0.00	0.07	0.12
Yes	0.12	0.38	0.65
≥ 2 sites of recurrences
No	0.04	0.10	0.23
Yes	0.00	0.44	0.63

CRC: Colorectal cancer; ASA: American Society of Anaesthesiologists; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.