PPARγ agonist-induced alterations in Δ6-desaturase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1: Role of MEK/ERK1/2 pathway

Table 1 Effect of pioglitazone on the fatty acid composition of HepG2 human hepatic cells

	Control	Pioglitazone	Pioglitazone + PD98059
14:0 (myristic acid)	2.01 ± 0.42	2.03 ± 0.35	1.77 ± 0.17
16:0 (palmitic acid)	23.12 ± 1.24a	23.26 ± 1.11a	19.84 ± 1.21b
16:1 (palmitoleic acid)	7.44 ± 1.11	9.60 ± 1.55	8.52 ± 1.45
18:0 (stearic acid)	10.44 ± 1.29	11.12 ± 1.37	8.78 ± 1.14
18:1n 9 (oleic acid)	38.72 ± 1.43a	37.33 ± 0.80a	44.94 ± 1.08b
18:2n 6 (linoleic acid)	9.09 ± 0.27a	6.18 ± 0.68b	6.09 ± 0.36b
18:3n 6 (linolenic acid)	0.89 ± 0.13	0.72 ± 0.12	0.61 ± 0.12
20:4n 6 (arachidonic acid)	7.19 ± 0.79	8.62 ± 0.58	8.85 ± 0.85
20:5n 3 (eicosapentaenoic acid)	0.42 ± 0.13	0.47 ± 0.21	0.14 ± 0.10
22:6n 3 (docosahexaenoic acid)	0.68 ± 0.14	0.67 ± 0.10	0.46 ± 0.11
Saturated fatty acids	35.58 ± 1.29a	36.41 ± 2.18a	30.39 ± 2.05b
Monounsaturated fatty acids	46.16 ± 1.75a	46.93 ± 2.24a	53.46 ± 1.53b
Polyunsaturated fatty acids	18.27 ± 0.61	16.66 ± 1.44	16.15 ± 1.22

Cells were incubated with pioglitazone (20 μmol/L) and PD98059 (20 μmol/L) for 48 h. Lipid extracts were prepared and analyzed by gas liquid chromatography for a comprehensive fatty acid profile. The mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments done in duplicate are given.

^aP < 0.05 and

^bP < 0.01 (Tukey's test, ^aα = 0.05). Detection limit was 0.05% of the total area.