Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Hepatol. Mar 8, 2017; 9(7): 391-400
Published online Mar 8, 2017. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v9.i7.391
Table 1 Demographics, comorbid conditions and disease characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma patients, by race
Patient characteristicsTotal (n = 195)Hispanic (n = 44)African-American (n = 61)White (n = 90)P1
Demographics
Age (yr, mean ± SD)59.7 ± 9.862.5 ± 12.558.7 ± 10.258.9 ± 7.7
Female (n, %)38, 19.511, 25.017, 27.910, 11.1aHW, AW
Insurance (n, %)
Medicare/medicaid120, 61.531, 70.536, 59.053, 58.9
Private67, 34.412, 27.322, 36.133, 36.7
None8, 4.11, 2.33, 4.94, 4.4
BMI > 24.9 (n, %)137, 70.331, 70.544, 72.162, 68.9
Metabolic syndrome3 (n, %)27, 14.18, 18.23, 4.916, 18.4aHA, AW
Comorbid conditions
Hyperlipidemia (n, %)31, 25.416, 55.25, 13.210, 18.2bHW, HA
On dialysis (n, %)7, 3.65, 11.40, 02, 2.3bHNH2
Diabetes mellitus 2 (n, %)91, 46.729, 65.919, 31.143, 47.8bHA, aAW
History smoking (n, %)126, 6516, 36.343, 70.567, 75.2bHW, HA; aAW
Current smoker (n, %)57, 29.42, 4.528, 45.927, 30.3bHW, HA; aAW
Triglycerides (median ± SD)99.5 ± 66.5101.0 ± 70.2111.0 ± 64.780.5 ± 65.8
History alcohol use (n, %)163, 83.639, 88.650, 8274, 82.2
Cirrhosis characteristics
Etiology4
HCV (n, %)132, 67.718, 40.949, 80.365, 72.2bHW, HA
HBV (n, %)14, 8.12, 5.08, 14.34, 5.2
ETOH (n, %)55, 28.211, 25.015, 24.629, 32.2
NASH (n, %)35, 18.015, 34.95, 8.215, 16.7bHA, aHW
Other5 (n, %)22, 11.311, 252, 3.39, 11.30.056
MELD (median ± SD)11.0 ± 4.611.5 ± 4.49.0 ± 3.112.0 ± 5.1aHA, bAW
AFP
Median (IQR)22.4 (6.1-217.2)19 (5.9-434.85)82 (11.9-434.8)12 (5.0-53.2)
AFP > 20049, 25.112, 27.322, 36.115, 16.7aHA, bAW
Hepatic encephalopathy (n, %)65, 33.316, 36.48, 13.141, 45.6aHA, bAW
Ascites (n, %)80, 44.523, 54.814, 2643, 51.2aHW, HA, AW
HCC surveillance performed (n, %)113, 61.127, 65.931, 51.755, 65.5
Tumor parameters
Tumor size (cm)
Median (± SD) (IQ range)3.0 ± 3.7 (2.0-6.0)3.0 ± 3.9 (2.0-5.0)3.0 ± 3.6 (2.0-6.0)3.0 ± 3.7 (2.0-6.0)
> 5 cm (n, %)43, 26.98, 22.214, 28.621, 28
Median > 5 cm (± SD) (IQ range)8.0 ± 4.0 (6.0-12.0)13.0 ± 3.4 (7.5-13.0)9.5 ± 3.1 (6.0-11.0)7.0 ± 4.7 (6.0-8.0)
Stage at diagnosis (n, %)99, 52.120, 45.530, 50.849, 56.3
Unifocal77, 40.521, 47.725, 42.431, 35.6
Multifocal14, 7.43, 6.84, 6.87, 8.0
Metastatic29, 24.29, 33.39, 23.111, 20.4
Portal vein involvement (n, %)35, 47.96, 54.513, 54.216, 42.1
Poorly differentiated within milan criteria (n, %)121, 62.128, 63.636, 59.057, 63.3