Role of surgical resection for non-colorectal non-neuroendocrine liver metastases

Table 9 Summary of studies with relatively large cohort of the patients who underwent hepatectomy for liver metastasis from genitourinary primary tumor

Disease	Ref.	Year	Period	No. of patients	MST (mo)	3-ysr (%)	5-ysr (%)	Factors associated with worse overall survival
Renal cell carcinoma	Adam et al[10]1	2006	1983-2004	85	36	NR	38	NR
	Thelen et al[52]	2007	1988-2006	31	48	54	39	Resection margin (R1,2)
	Staehler et al[53]	2010	1995-2006	68	142	NR	62	High-grade primary renal cell carcinoma, performance status ≥ 1, lymph node status
	Ruys et al[54]	2011	1990-2008	29	33	47	43	Synchronous metastases, R1,2 resection margin (univariate)
	Hatzaras et al[55]	2012	1994-2011	43	Not reached	62	NR	Disease-free interval ≤ 12 mo, exrahepatic disease (univariate)
	Schiergens et al[16]1	2016	2003-2013	28	50	68	NR	NR
Gyneclogic primary	Kamel et al[56]	2011	1990-2010	52	53	57	41	NR
Ovarian cancer	Merideth et al[57]	2003	1976-1999	262	26	NR	NR	Interval from the primary diagnosis < 12 mo, residual disease > 1 cm (univariate)
	Adam et al[10]1	2006	1983-2004	65	98	NR	50	NR
	Lim et al[58]	2009	2001-2008	142	Not reached	NR	51	Hematogeneous liver metastasis < hepatic parenchymal metastasis from peritoneal seeding5
	Neumann et al[59]	2012	1991-2007	41	42(R0 resection)	NR	NR	R1,2 resection, pre-operative ascites, bilobular liver metastasis
	Niu et al[60]	2012	2000-2011	60	39	NR	30	R1,2 resection
	Kolev et al[61]	2014	1988-2012	273	56	NR	NR	Interval from the primary surgery ≤ 24 mo, residual disease ≥ 1 cm
	Bacalbasa et al[62]	2015	2002-2014	3124	16 (metastasis from seeding), 13 (hematogeneous)	NR	NR	No significant risk factor
	Schiergens et al[16]1	2016	2003-2013	24	33	43	NR	NR
Testicular cancer	Hahn et al[63]	1999	1974-1996	57	NR	97 (2-yr)	NR	NR
	Adam et al[10]1	2006	1983-2004	78	82	NR	51	NR

¹As a part of the report of on-colorectal non-neuroendocrine liver metastases;

²As a part of debulking surgery;

³Hepatectomy as secondary cytoreduction;

⁴Including 2^nd (n = 15), 3^rd (3) and 4^th (2) cytoreduction operations;

⁵Only risk factors that included patients undergoing palliative treatment were reported. MST: Median survival time; ysr: Year survival rate; NR: Not reported.