Biliary complications following liver transplantation: Single-center experience over three decades and recent risk factors

Table 4 Causes of death in transplanted patients over 30 years

Cause of death	No. of patients (% of cohort)
Sepsis	109 (6.8)
Tumor recurrence	103 (6.4)
De novo malignancy	33 (2.1)
Pneumonia	31 (1.9)
Liver graft: Biliary complications	20 (1.3)
Cardiovascular event	18 (1.1)
Liver graft: Chronic rejection	15 (0.9)
Cerebral ischemia	12 (0.8)
Cerebral bleeding	11 (0.7)
Liver graft: HCV reinfection	11 (0.7)
Cerebral edema	9 (0.6%)
Liver graft: HBV reinfection	9 (0.6)
Gastrointestinal bleeding	7 (0.4)
Gastrointestinal perforation	6 (0.4)
Liver graft: Venous thrombosis	6 (0.4)
Lung: Acute respiratory distress syndrome	4 (0.3)
Polytrauma	4 (0.3)
Cerebral infection	3 (0.3)
Liver graft: HCV de novo infection	3 (0.3)
Liver graft: Initial non function	3 (0.3)
Pulmonary embolism	6 (0.4)
Gastrointestinal ischemia	2 (0.1)
Liver graft: Arterial thrombosis	2 (0.1)
Suicide	2 (0.1)
Liver graft: Portal vein thrombosis	1 (0.1)
Non-compliance to immunosuppression	1 (0.1)
Recurrent alcoholism	1 (0.1)
Unknown	129 (8.1)
Total	561 (35.1)

HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.