Hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Current knowledge and implications for management

Table 1 Reported studies of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and their clinical characteristics

Ref.	All (n)	NASH/NAFLD (n)	Study type	Clinical characteristics	Cirrhotic NASH with HCC		Non-cirrhotic NASH with HCC
					Histological diagnosis	Clinical diagnosis	Histological diagnosis	Clinical diagnosis
Cotrim et al[97]	110	110	Cohort	Age, 67 ± 11 yr; male, 72 (65.5%); non-Hispanic white, N/A	32 (29.1%)	58 (52.7%)	20 (18.2%)	0
Van Meer et al[98]	933	911	Cohort	Age, 64 yr; male, 60 (66%); non-Hispanic white, N/A	N/A	N/A	91 (100%)	N/A
Shrager et al[99]	9	9	Case series	Age, 58 yr; male, 8 (88.9%); non-Hispanic white, N/A	5 (55.5%)	N/A	4 (44.4%)	N/A
Kikuchi et al[93]	42	38	Case series	Age, 66.5 yr; male 26 (62%); non-Hispanic white, N/A	34	N/A	4	N/A
Chagas et al[100]	394	7	Prospectiv	Age, 63 ± 13 yr; Male 4 (57%); non-Hispanic white, N/A	6	N/A	1	N/A
Ertle et al[101]	150	36	Cohort	Age, 68.6 ± 8.4 yr; male 32 (88.9%); non-Hispanic white, N/A	5	142	10	72
Tokushige et al[102]	2299	292	Cohort	Age, 72 ± 8.4 yr; male, 181 (62%)	1813	N/A	1113	N/A
Hashizume et al[103]	1310	10	Case series	Age 71.5 yr; male 6 (66.7%)	5	N/A	4	N/A
Kawada et al[13]	807	8	Cohort	Age 73 yr; male 3/6 (50%); non-Hispanic white, N/A	2	N/A	6	N/A
Malik et al[104]	143	143	Case control	Age 59 ± 7.6 yr; male 44 (44.9%); 16 non-Hispanic White, 1 Asian	17	N/A	0	N/A
Takuma et al[105]	11	11	Case series/Literature review	Age 73.8 ± 4.9 yr; male 5 (45%)	4	N/A	7	N/A
Perumpail et al[106]	44	6	Cohort	Age 72 ± 8 yr; male 5 (83.3%)	NA	NA	6	N/A
Ascha et al[107]	510	195	Cohort	Age 56.5 yr; male 86 (44.1%)	NA	NA	N/A	254
Mohamad et al[108]	83	83	Cohort retrospective	Age 64.8 ± 10.4 yr; male 54 (65.1%); non-Hispanic White, 77 (92.8%)	47	N/A	36	N/A

¹Histological data available in 86 patients only;

²AASLD Radiological criteria used for diagnosis;

³Results based on both liver biopsy and abdominal imaging. Differentiating data not available in the study;

⁴Histologic confirmation obtained in 59% of the patients diagnosed with HCC. HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; EMT: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; N/A: Not available.