Hepatitis B and immunosuppressive therapies for chronic inflammatory diseases: When and how to apply prophylaxis, with a special focus on corticosteroid therapy

Table 2 Hepatitis B virus reactivations in patients treated with steroids

Ref.	Disease	Study	Patients (n)	HBV status (n)	Pre-emptive therapy	HBV reactivations (n)
Cheng et al[58]	Autoimmune diseases	Case report	2	CHB (1) RS (1)	No	2
Nakanishi et al[57]	Polymyositis	Case report	1	CHB	No	1
Zanati et al[59]	Mixed connective tissue disease	Case report	1	CHB	No	1
Bae et al[60]	Rheumatoid arthritis	Case report	1	CHB	No	1
Li et al[61]	Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome	Prospective	41	CHB (41)	No	21
Yang et al[62]	Connective tissue disease	Retrospective	98	CHB (21) Not applied (77)	No	4
Loras et al[39]	IBD	Retrospective	25	CHB	No	6

Adapted from Xuan et al[63]. CHB: Chronic hepatitis B, inactive carriers included; RS: Resolved infection; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.