©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Hepatol. Nov 18, 2015; 7(26): 2648-2663
Published online Nov 18, 2015. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i26.2648
Published online Nov 18, 2015. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i26.2648
Table 1 Etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma[12]
| Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma |
| Chronic hepatitis C infection with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis |
| Chronic hepatitis B infection with/without cirrhosis |
| Alcoholic liver disease with cirrhosis |
| Hereditary hemochromatosis with cirrhosis |
| Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency with cirrhosis |
| Autoimmune hepatitis with cirrhosis |
| Porphyrias |
| Wilson's disease |
| Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with cirrhosis |
| Primary biliary cirrhosis |
| Type 1 hereditary tyrosinemia |
| Type 1 and 2 glycogen storage disease |
| Hereditary ataxia-telangiectasia |
| Hypercitrullinemia |
| Aflatoxin exposure |
| Other carcinogens |
| Thorotrast |
| Polyvinyl choloride |
| Carbon chloride |
- Citation: Waller LP, Deshpande V, Pyrsopoulos N. Hepatocellular carcinoma: A comprehensive review. World J Hepatol 2015; 7(26): 2648-2663
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v7/i26/2648.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v7.i26.2648