Age-male-albumin-bilirubin-platelet score stratifies hepatocellular carcinoma risk after sustained virological response in hepatitis C-related compensated advanced chronic liver disease

Table 2 Baseline characteristics, comorbidities, liver stiffness before direct-acting antiviral therapy, laboratory parameters at sustained virological response at 12 weeks after treatment completion, and noninvasive scoring systems, n (%)/median (interquartile range)

Characteristics	Overall	No HCC	De novo HCC	P value
Patients	571	493 (86.3)	78 (13.7)
Sex, male	267	225 (45.6)	42 (53.8)	0.177
Age (years), mean ± SD	59.75 ± 10.00	59.53 ± 10.24	61.18 ± 8.22	0.175
Comorbidities
T2DM	209	172 (34.9)	37 (47.4)	0.033
DLP	228	205 (41.6)	23 (29.5)	0.043
HT	315	270 (54.8)	45 (57.7)	0.629
Thalassemia	23	22 (4.5)	1 (1.3)	0.346
Esophageal varices without bleeding	87	67 (13.6)	20 (25.6)	0.006
Transient elastography
Baseline liver stiffness by VCTE (kPa)	15.8 (11.1-25.7)	15.1 (10.5-23.3)	21.3 (15.7-35.3)	< 0.001
SOF-based treatment	571 (100)	493 (86.3)	78 (13.7)	0.045
SOF/LDV	186 (32.6)	153 (31.0)	33 (42.3)
SOF/VEL	163 (28.5)	149 (30.2)	14 (17.9)
SOF/DAC	222 (38.9)	191 (38.7)	31 (39.7)
Laboratory parameters at SVR12
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.71 (0.49-1.10)	0.71 (0.47-1.01)	0.90 (0.54-1.47)	0.028
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.31 (0.20-0.49)	0.28 (0.19-0.46)	0.37 (0.26-0.62)	0.046
AST (U/L)	30 (24-40)	30 (23-40)	34 (26-47)	0.006
ALT (U/L)	22 (16-31)	21 (16-31)	23.5 (17-31)	0.275
ALP (U/L)	91 (67.5-120.5)	91 (68-124)	85 (64-107)	0.193
GGT (U/L)	44.5 (27-92)	43 (27-92)	59 (59-59)	0.641
Platelet count (× 109/L)	140 (92-191)	149 (96-195)	88 (68-150)	< 0.001
Total protein (g/dL), mean ± SD	7.69 ± 0.74	7.71 ± 0.74	7.61 ± 0.71	0.393
Albumin (g/dL), mean ± SD	4.04 ± 0.56	4.08 ± 0.54	3.77 ± 0.56	< 0.001
Globulin (g/dL), mean ± SD	3.70 ± 0.71	3.68 ± 0.68	3.84 ± 0.85	0.170
Noninvasive scoring systems at SVR12
FIB-4	2.97 (1.81-4.97)	2.66 (1.76-4.51)	5.24 (2.79-7.46)	< 0.001
APRI	0.58 (0.35-1.08)	0.54 (0.34-0.96)	1.01 (0.51-1.65)	< 0.001
ALBI	-2.72 (-3.04 to -2.26)	-2.78 (-3.06 to -2.31)	-2.43 (-2.87 to -1.92)	0.001
aMAP	61.79 (56.59-66.22)	60.78 (55.45-65.31)	65.05 (62.29-68.57)	< 0.001

ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin score; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; aMAP: Age-male-albumin-bilirubin-platelet score; APRI: Aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; DLP: Dyslipidemia; FIB-4: Fibrosis-4 index; GGT: Γ-Glutamyl transferase; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HT: Hypertension; IQR: Interquartile range; SD: Standard deviation; SOF: Sofosbuvir; DAC: Daclatasvir; LDV: Ledipasvir; VEL: Velpatasvir; SVR12: Sustained virological response at 12 weeks after treatment completion; T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; VCTE: Vibration-controlled transient elastography.