Prevalence and risk factors for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and fibrosis in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Table 4 Logistic regression to evaluate the risk factors associated with presence of liver steatosis

Univariate	OR	95%CI	β	P value
Age (years)	0.988	0.977-0.999	-0.12	0.027
BMI class	1.890	1.665-2.146	0.637	< 0.001
Sex	0.960	0.763-1.208	-0.041	0.727
HbA1c ≥ 6.5%	1.547	1.205-1.986	0.436	< 0.001
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	1.003	1.002-1.005	0.003	< 0.001
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	1.004	1.000-1.007	0.004	0.034
High AST	2.304	1.542-3.442	0.835	< 0.001
High ALT	2.634	2.044-3.395	0.969	< 0.001
Multivariate
BMI class	1.763	1.522-2.042	0.567	< 0.001
Triglycerides, mg/dL	1.002	1.001-1.004	0.002	< 0.001
LDL cholesterol	1.004	1.000-1.008	0.004	0.065
HbA1c ≥ 6.5%	1.541	1.153-2.060	0.432	0.004
High ALT	2.269	1.678-3.068	0.819	< 0.001
High AST	1.246	0.776-2.002	0.220	0.362

Age was excluded due to poor model fit as indicated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.

BMI: Body mass index; FAST: FibroScan-AST; LDL: Low-density cholesterol; HDL: High-density cholesterol; TGC: Triglycerides; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.