Prevalence and risk factors for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and fibrosis in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Table 3 Characteristics of the study population according to control of type 2 diabetes mellitus according to glycated hemoglobin values, n (%)

	≤ 7% HbA1c (n = 649)	> 7% HbA1c (n = 508)	P value
Sex (female)	420 (64.7)	271 (53.3)	< 0.001
Age (years)	56 (49-63)	54 (47-62)	0.060
BMI (kg/m2)	28.1 (25.3-31.5)	28.4 (25.4-31.5)	0.621
BMI classification
Normal	135 (21.8)	102 (21.3)	0.496
Overweight	252 (40.8)	192 (40.0)
Obesity class I	169 (27.3)	130 (27.1)
Obesity class II	51 (8.3)	39 (8.1)
Obesity class III	11 (1.8)	17 (3.5)
Transient elastography
kPa	4.6 (3.7-5.9)	4.9 (3.9-6.2)	0.015
CAP (dB/m)	271 (231-314)	282 (237-320)	0.040
FAST score	0.08 (0.03-0.17)	0.07(0.03-0.19)	0.530
Low risk	530 (87.9)	430 (88.3)	0.077
Moderate risk	64 (10.6)	41 (8.4)
High risk	9 (1.5)	16 (3.3)
Biochemical parameters
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	163 (137-186)	171 (138-200)	0.002
LDL, mg/dL	97 (75-117)	99 (75-125)	0.086
HDL, mg/dL	43 (37-51)	40 (35-49)	< 0.001
TGC, mg/dL	129 (98-175)	159 (115-233)	< 0.001
Creatinine, mg/dL	0.76 (0.66-0.90)	0.76 (0.64-0.89)	0.297
ALT, U/L	22.7 (16.7-33.5)	24.1 (17.2-34.8)	0.091
AST, U/L	20.9 (17.2-27.3)	20.0 (15.7-26.6)	0.027
GGT, U/L	23.8 (17.5-35.6)	28.9 (20.4-45.5)	< 0.001
HbA1c, %	6.1(5.7-6.5)	8.9 (7.7-10.5)	< 0.001

The results are expressed as median (p25-p75). 1157 patients had HbA1c determined at the time of elastography. BMI: Body mass index; FAST: FibroScan-AST; LDL: Low density cholesterol; HDL: High density cholesterol; TGC: Triglycerides; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; CAP: Controlled attenuation parameter; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin.