Chrono-metabolic regulation of hepatic fibrosis via NR1D1-mediated hepatic stellate cell activation

Figure 2 Translational roadmap for NR1D1-centered chrono-metabolic interventions in hepatic fibrosis. This framework integrates molecular mapping, transcriptional and epigenetic decoding, multi-etiology validation, signal translation within the hepatic microenvironment, and preclinical and early-phase clinical studies. Each stage represents a step toward translating mechanistic insights into chrono-metabolic therapies, highlighting points for intervention, validation, and optimization from bench to bedside. NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; MASH: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis; ALD: Alcoholic liver disease.