Association between preoperative serum zinc levels and postoperative infectious complications after minimally invasive hepatectomy: A retrospective cohort study

Table 2 Results of univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses for postoperative infection

Variable (reference)	Category or unit	Univariable logistic model		Multivariable logistic model
		OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age (year)	1	1.02 (0.99-1.06)	0.228
Sex (female)	Male	1.76 (0.84-3.70)	0.148
ASA-PS (0-1)	2-3	3.17 (0.396-25.3)	0.277
Chronic kidney disease	Presence	0.48 (0.14-1.72)	0.300
Diabetes mellitus	Presence	1.54 (0.72-3.32)	0.306
Habitual smoking	Yes	1.44 (0.68-3.05)	0.332
Habitual alcohol consumption	Yes	0.75 (0.34-1.67)	0.558
Malignant status (benign)	Malignant	3.19 (0.40-25.50)	0.467
Child-Pugh (B)	A	1.23 (0.12-12.1)	> 0.999
ICG R15 (point)	1	0.99 (0.94-1.04)	0.574
Body mass index (kg/m2)	1	1.03 (0.95-1.12)	0.572
Albumin (g/dL)	1	0.47 (0.18-1.21)	0.115
Albumin (≥ 3.5 g/dL)	< 3.5	2.62 (0.94-7.30)	0.071	2.28 (0.79-6.57)	0.126
PNI (point)	1	1.00 (0.92-1.07)	0.898
PNI (≥ 45 points)	< 45	0.80 (0.36-1.79)	0.693
Zn (μg/dL)	1	0.96 (0.94-0.99)	0.015	0.96 (0.94-0.99)	0.009
Zn (≥ 80 μg/dL)	< 80	0.32 (0.12-0.87)	0.025	0.32 (0.11-0.90)	0.032
CONUT score (point)	1	0.96 (0.74-1.25)	0.455
CONUT score (≥ 2 points)	0-1	0.70 (0.34-1.43)	0.369
MIH approach (robot)	Lap	1.42 (0.69-2.90)	0.370
Operative procedure (partial)	Anatomical	0.71 (0.33-1.52)	0.455
Iwate criteria (point)	1	1.05 (0.91-1.21)	0.497
Operative time (hour)	1	1.17 (1.00-1.37)	0.043	1.12 (0.93-1.34)	0.228
Estimated blood loss (mL)	100	1.09 (1.00-1.19)	0.039	1.08 (0.98-1.20)	0.140

For binary variables, odds ratios were calculated using the category shown in parentheses as the reference category. For continuous variables, odds ratios represent the change in odds associated with each unit increase specified in the category/unit column. ASA-PS: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification; ICG R15: Indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes; PNI: Prognostic nutritional index; CONUT: Controlling nutritional status; MIH: Minimally invasive hepatectomy; Lap: Laparoscopic.