Liver stiffness-platelet ratio index and machine learning models for the noninvasive diagnosis of significant fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B

Table 2 Detailed model performance metrics for liver fibrosis diagnostic models

Metric	Liver stiffness-platelet ratio index	Fibrosis-4	AST to platelet ratio index	Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to platelet ratio	S-Index	Hui model	Age-male-ALP-platelets risk score	AST to platelet and age-gender model
Training data
AUROC	0.84	0.65	0.66	0.70	0.71	0.75	0.69	0.71
95%CI lower	0.80	0.61	0.62	0.66	0.67	0.71	0.65	0.66
95%CI upper	0.87	0.69	0.70	0.74	0.75	0.78	0.74	0.75
UA	0.06	0.09	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.09
Matthews correlation coefficient	0.46	0.21	0.20	0.26	0.26	0.33	0.27	0.31
Youden index (%)	52.96	20.38	22.87	28.58	30.00	37.87	31.13	33.25
PPV (%)	47.55	40.56	32.08	40.39	36.54	40.29	38.04	44.83
NPV (%)	92.53	80.44	85.04	83.43	85.78	88.08	85.52	84.33
Sensitivity (%)	82.45	38.83	72.87	54.79	68.62	72.87	65.96	55.32
Specificity (%)	70.52	81.55	50.00	73.79	61.38	65.00	65.17	77.93
Accuracy (%)	73.44	71.09	55.60	69.14	63.15	66.93	65.36	72.40
TP (%)	20.18	9.51	17.84	13.41	16.80	17.84	16.15	13.54
Validation data
AUROC	0.83	0.65	0.61	0.71	0.71	0.74	0.70	0.73
95%CI lower	0.78	0.58	0.54	0.64	0.64	0.67	0.63	0.67
95%CI upper	0.88	0.72	0.68	0.78	0.78	0.79	0.76	0.80
UA	0.10	0.14	0.13	0.13	0.13	0.12	0.13	0.13
Matthews correlation coefficient	0.43	0.23	0.08	0.30	0.26	0.29	0.26	0.30
Youden index (%)	49.65	23.45	9.26	31.74	30.02	33.75	30.02	31.72
PPV (%)	44.97	41.67	27.91	44.00	36.60	37.50	36.60	44.79
NPV (%)	92.22	81.22	78.98	83.84	85.80	87.57	85.80	83.69
Sensitivity (%)	82.72	43.21	59.26	54.32	69.14	74.07	69.14	53.09
Specificity (%)	66.94	80.24	50.00	77.42	60.89	59.68	60.89	78.63
accuracy (%)	70.82	71.12	52.28	71.73	62.92	63.22	62.92	72.34
TP (%)	20.36	10.64	14.59	13.37	17.02	18.24	17.02	13.07

AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; NPV: Negative predictive value; PPV: Positive predictive value; TP: True positives; UA: Uncertainty area.