Differentiation of minimal and grade 1 hepatic encephalopathy using neurophysiological, neuropsychological, magnetic resonance spectroscopic, and systemic inflammatory parameters

doi:10.4254/wjh.v18.i5.118040

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Hepatol. May 27, 2026; 18(5): 118040
Published online May 27, 2026. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v18.i5.118040

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Figure 1 Study flowchart. MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; HE: Hepatic encephalopathy; GI: Gastrointestinal; SBP: Subacute bacterial peritonitis; HRS: Hepatorenal syndrome; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; ACLF: Acute-on-chronic liver failure; LOLA: L-ornithine L-aspartate; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; TIPSS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; PHES: Psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score; MHE: Minimal hepatic encephalopathy; CFF: Critical flicker frequency; MRS: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; EEG: Electroencephalogram.

Citation: Kummetha LC, Bhatt S, Vaithiyam V, Sharma BC, Srivastava S, Mahajan B, Bansal K, Chaudhry N, Tandon MS, Sachdeva S, Kumar A, Dalal A, Sonika U. Differentiation of minimal and grade 1 hepatic encephalopathy using neurophysiological, neuropsychological, magnetic resonance spectroscopic, and systemic inflammatory parameters. World J Hepatol 2026; 18(5): 118040
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v18/i5/118040.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v18.i5.118040

Kummetha LC, Bhatt S, Vaithiyam V, Sharma BC, Srivastava S, Mahajan B, Bansal K, Chaudhry N, Tandon MS, Sachdeva S, Kumar A, Dalal A, Sonika U. Differentiation of minimal and grade 1 hepatic encephalopathy using neurophysiological, neuropsychological, magnetic resonance spectroscopic, and systemic inflammatory parameters. World J Hepatol 2026; 18(5): 118040 [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v18.i5.118040]

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