Non-invasive prediction of significant hepatic fibrosis in individuals with chronic hepatitis C infection using fibrosis risk score and machine learning models

Table 1 Results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis in the study cohort, n (%)

Parameter	Univariate analysis				Multivariate analysis
	Non-significant fibrosis (F0-F1) (n = 182; 57.6%)	Significant fibrosis (F2-F4) (n = 134; 42.4%)	Spearman ρ	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Gender			0.049	0.38	-	-
Males	96 (52.7)	64 (47.7)
Females	86 (47.3)	70 (52.3)
Age (year), mean ± SD	46.23 ± 14.5	48.10 ± 10.93	0.070	0.192	-	-
Body mass index, mean ± SD	24.03 ± 3.7	23.96 ± 3.2	0.0500	0.659	-	-
Diabetes			0.082	0.146	-	-
Yes	22 (12)	24 (17.91)
No	160 (88)	110 (82.09)
Platelet count (× 109/L)	157.7 ± 30.93	127.15 ± 28.00	-0.4421	< 0.001	0.72 (0.60-0.86)	< 0.001
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.726 ± 0.29	0.818 ± 0.31	0.1056	0.007	-	-
AST (U/L)	33.2 (21, 50)	49 (30, 66)	0.4768	< 0.001	1.18 (1.05-1.33)	0.003
ALT (U/L)	36 (24, 49)	47 (30, 64)	0.33	< 0.001	-	-
GGT (U/L)	26 (16, 33)	46 (25, 79)	0.50	< 0.001	1.07 (1.02-1.13)	0.01
ALP (U/L)	66 (52, 77)	81 (64, 97)	0.4298	< 0.001	1.10 (1.02-1.13)	0.01
Serum albumin (g/dL)	3.83 ± 0.29	3.16 ± 0.36	-0.6278	< 0.001	0.81 (0.68-0.96)	0.02
Total protein (g/dL)	7.082 ± 1.23	6.912 ± 1.12	-0.07	0.2	-	-
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	160.4 ± 21.1	129.1 ± 23.9	-0.6156	< 0.001	0.84 (0.76-1.00)	0.01
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	131 (120, 170)	126 (115, 167)	-0.108	0.25	-	-
HDL (mg/dL)	37 (30, 54)	30 (26, 44)	-0.4414	< 0.001	-	-
LDL (mg/dL)	90.0 ± 4.3	65.4 ± 5.2	-0.5992	< 0.001	0.84 (0.76-1.00)	0.01
VLDL (mg/dL)	24.97 ± 12.11	23.45 ± 18.50	-0.1656	0.1424	-	-

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; VLDL: Very low-density lipoprotein.