Immunogenetic and molecular biomarkers in COVID-19 and hepatitis C virus infection: Evaluating the diagnostic potential of HLA (rs1131500), IGF-2, and I-FABP

doi:10.4254/wjh.v18.i3.112850

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Hepatol. Mar 27, 2026; 18(3): 112850
Published online Mar 27, 2026. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v18.i3.112850

Table 4 Logistic regression analysis of sex, age, and cytokine levels (insulin-like growth factor 2, intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein, interferon-gamma) as predictors for distinguishing coronavirus disease 2019

Variables	B	SE	P	OR	95%CI for OR
Variables	B	SE	P	OR	Lower	Upper
Sex	0.221	0.384	0.566	1.247	0.588	2.646
Age	-0.027	0.018	0.138	0.973	0.939	1.009
IGF-2	0.41	0.586	0.037	4.489	1.48	5.772
I-FABP	0.193	0.037	< 0.001	1.213	1.129	1.303
IFN-γ	0.102	0.021	< 0.001	1.107	1.062	1.154

IFN: Interferon; IGF: Insulin-like growth factor; I-FABP: Intestinal fatty-acid-binding protein; OR: Odds ratio.

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Citation: Mohamed AA, Abdel-Hamid RM, Amin A, A Gawad EAH, Saed SM, Gaber DA, Ezz Al Arab M, El-Agawy W, AbuRahma MZA, Elosaily HH, Shaaban EE, Ismail SA, Sakr AA. Immunogenetic and molecular biomarkers in COVID-19 and hepatitis C virus infection: Evaluating the diagnostic potential of HLA (rs1131500), IGF-2, and I-FABP. World J Hepatol 2026; 18(3): 112850
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v18/i3/112850.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v18.i3.112850

Mohamed AA, Abdel-Hamid RM, Amin A, A Gawad EAH, Saed SM, Gaber DA, Ezz Al Arab M, El-Agawy W, AbuRahma MZA, Elosaily HH, Shaaban EE, Ismail SA, Sakr AA. Immunogenetic and molecular biomarkers in COVID-19 and hepatitis C virus infection: Evaluating the diagnostic potential of HLA (rs1131500), IGF-2, and I-FABP. World J Hepatol 2026; 18(3): 112850 [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v18.i3.112850]

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