Changes in lipid biomarkers, liver stiffness and steatosis following sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitor therapy in type two diabetes

doi:10.4254/wjh.125505

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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World J Hepatol. Oct 27, 2026; 18(10): 125505
Published online Oct 27, 2026. doi: 10.4254/wjh.125505

Table 3 Changes in biochemical and anthropometric parameters from baseline to 6 months after initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor therapy

Parameter	Baseline, median (IQR)	6 months, median (IQR)	Difference¹	95%CI	P value²
BMI (kg/m²)	31.46 (28.35-34.67)	30.12 (28.09-34.34)	-0.79	-1.1 to -0.5	< 0.001^a
WC (cm)	107 (102-115)	104 (97.75-107)	-4	-5 to -2.5	< 0.001^a
PG (mmol/L)	6.9 (6.3-8.6)	6.4 (5.5-7.6)	-0.6	-1 to -0.2	0.006^a
HbA1c (%)	7 (6.3-8)	6.7 (6.3-7.3)	-0.25	-0.5 to -0.05	0.008^a
HbA1c (mmol/mol)	52.5 (44.3-63.8)	50 (45-56)	-2	-4.5 to 0	0.04^a
ALT (U/L)	28 (19-36)	26 (19-35)	-0.5	-3.5 to 1	0.41
AST (U/L)	25 (18-29)	24 (20-30)	0.5	-1.5 to 2	0.63
ALP (U/L)	67.5 (55-83.3)	67 (56.8-84.3)	0.5	-2 to 3.5	0.61
GGT (U/L)	26 (20-43)	25 (19-40)	-0.5	-2 to 1.5	0.68
Erythrocytes (10¹²/L)	4.7 (4.5-5.1)	5 (4.6-5.4)	0.24	0.15 to 0.32	< 0.001^a
Hemoglobin (g/L)	141 (133-149)	146 (134-158)	4.5	2.5 to 6.5	< 0.001^a
Hematocrit (L/L)	0.4 (0.4-0.4)	0.4 (0.4-0.5)	0.02	0.009 to 0.02	< 0.001^a
MCV (fL)	88.3 (85.6-91.8)	88 (84.8-91.1)	-0.8	-1.5 to -0.2	0.02^a
MCH (pg)	29.6 (28.7-30.5)	29.5 (27.8-30.8)	-0.4	-0.7 to -0.2	0.001^a
MCHC (g/L)	335 (330-341)	334 (327-342)	-2	-4 to 0	0.06
RDW (%)	13.3 (12.7-14.1)	13.5 (13-14.5)	0.3	0.15 to 0.6	< 0.001^a
Platelet count (10⁹/L)	237 (202-270)	232 (193-264)	-3.5	-11.5 to 5	0.42
Leukocytes (10⁹/L)	8 (6.3-9.3)	7.9 (6.9-9.6)	0.3	-0.05 to 0.55	0.09
Albumin (g/L)	44.7 (43-46.7)	45.3 (43.2-47.2)	0.3	-0.35 to 0.9	0.32
Total protein (g/L)	72 (69-75)	74 (70-77)	1.9	0.95 to 2.65	< 0.001^a
Prothrombin time (ratio)	1.1 (1-1.2)	1.1 (1.1-1.2)	0.05	0.02 to 0.08	0.002^a
Prothrombin time (INR)	1 (0.9-1.1)	1 (0.9-1)	-0.02	-0.05 to 0	0.001^a
Fibrinogen-activity (g/L)	3.5 (2.9-4)	3.7 (3.1-4.3)	0.2	0 to 0.4	0.05
Thrombin time (second)	19.4 (18.4-21.5)	19.8 (19.2-20.8)	0.45	-0.4 to 1.3	0.33
Total bilirubin (µmol/L)	12 (9-14)	12 (9.8-16.3)	1.0	0 to 2	0.02^a
Conjugated bilirubin (µmol/L)	2 (1-3)	2 (2-3)	0	0 to 0.5	0.27
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.4 (3.7-5.2)	4.2 (3.5-5.3)	0	-0.2 to 0.2	0.86
HDL (mmol/L)	1.2 (1-1.5)	1.3 (1.1-1.5)	0.05	-0.001 to 0.1	0.15
LDL (mmol/L)	2.4 (2-3.2)	2.3 (1.8-3.3)	-0.05	-0.25 to 0.1	0.42
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.9 (1.3-2.5)	1.8 (1.3-2.6)	0.03	-0.2 to 0.2	0.79

¹Hodges-Lehmann difference of median.

²Wilcoxon test.

^aP < 0.05.

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; CI: Confidence interval; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; INR: International normalized ratio; IQR: Interquartile range; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; MCV: Mean corpuscular volume; MCH: Mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC: Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; RDW: Red cell distribution width; PG: Plasma glucose; WC: Waist circumference.

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Citation: Khaznadar F, Bojanić K, Khaznadar O, Jurić A, Hefer M, Kralik K, Petrović A, Hrženjak A, Lončar A, Steiner J, Smolić M, Smolić R. Changes in lipid biomarkers, liver stiffness and steatosis following sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitor therapy in type two diabetes. World J Hepatol 2026; 18(10): 125505
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v18/i10/125505.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.125505

Khaznadar F, Bojanić K, Khaznadar O, Jurić A, Hefer M, Kralik K, Petrović A, Hrženjak A, Lončar A, Steiner J, Smolić M, Smolić R. Changes in lipid biomarkers, liver stiffness and steatosis following sodium-glucose cotransporter two inhibitor therapy in type two diabetes. World J Hepatol 2026; 18(10): 125505 [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.125505]

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