Prophylactic antibiotics confer no advantage in elective endoscopic treatment for cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal variceal bleeding history

doi:10.4254/wjh.124749

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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World J Hepatol. Oct 27, 2026; 18(10): 124749
Published online Oct 27, 2026. doi: 10.4254/wjh.124749

Table 3 Stratified analysis of postoperative bacteria infection risk, n (%)

Characteristics	Infection rate in AF	Infection rate in AP	P value
Type of GEV
EV	36 (17.9)	36 (17.2)	0.855
GV	41 (18.6)	38 (17.1)	0.838
GOV1	27 (18.1)	27 (19.4)	0.777
GOV2	5 (21.7)	5 (16.7)	0.640
GOV3¹	4 (28.6)	3 (18.8)	0.675
IGV1¹	4 (23.5)	3 (23.1)	1.000
IGV2¹	1 (50.0)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Endoscopic method
ECI	24 (17.4)	27 (19.7)	0.621
EVL	28 (24.1)	25 (21.2)	0.590
EIS¹	2 (10.0)	1 (5.9)	1.000
Child-Pugh class
A	20 (14.2)	22 (15.8)	0.700
B + C	21 (26.6)	17 (20.5)	0.360
Etiology of cirrhosis
Hepatitis B	19 (19.0)	18 (18.6)	0.937
Alcohol	12 (18.5)	12 (19.4)	0.898
Autoimmune¹	4 (25.0)	2 (14.3)	0.657
Schistosomiasis¹	2 (28.6)	3 (27.3)	1.000
Wilson’s disease¹	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1.000
MASLD¹	1 (9.1)	1 (8.3)	1.000
Hepatitis C¹	1 (33.3)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Cryptogenic cirrhosis¹	2 (11.8)	3 (14.3)	1.000

¹Fisher’s exact test was used.

AF: Antibiotic-free; AP: Antibiotic prophylaxis; GEV: Gastroesophageal varices; EV: Esophageal varices; GV: Gastric varices; GOV1: Gastroesophageal varices type 1; GOV2: Gastroesophageal varices type 2; GOV3: Gastroesophageal varices type 3; IGV1: Isolated gastric varices type 1; IGV2: Isolated gastric varices type 2; MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; EIS: Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy; EVL: Endoscopic variceal ligation; ECI: Endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection.

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Citation: Xue M, Zhong J, Zhu JN, Wu J, Zhong DD, Zhu CP, Chen Y, Wang LL, Hong YP, Wei W. Prophylactic antibiotics confer no advantage in elective endoscopic treatment for cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal variceal bleeding history. World J Hepatol 2026; 18(10): 124749
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v18/i10/124749.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.124749

Xue M, Zhong J, Zhu JN, Wu J, Zhong DD, Zhu CP, Chen Y, Wang LL, Hong YP, Wei W. Prophylactic antibiotics confer no advantage in elective endoscopic treatment for cirrhotic patients with gastroesophageal variceal bleeding history. World J Hepatol 2026; 18(10): 124749 [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.124749]

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