Proactive antithyroid therapy improves survival in hyperthyroidism-induced liver injury: A real-world cohort study

Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between hyperthyroidism-induced and antithyroid drug-induced liver injury groups, n (%)/median (interquartile range)

Items	Total (n = 331)	HTI-LI (n = 140)	ATDI-LI (n = 191)	P value
Demographic characteristics
Age (years)	42 (34.5, 52.2)	43 (35.1, 50.9)	42 (34.2, 52.5)	0.975
Male	143 (43.2)	53 (37.9)	90 (47.1)	0.116
BMI (kg/m2)	22.5 (18.2, 25.1)	22.6 (18.3, 25.6)	21.9 (18.1, 23.9)	0.246
Non-drinkers	260 (78.8)	102 (72.9)	158 (83.2)	0.033
Length of hospital stay	17 (8, 26)	20 (11, 32)	17 (10, 27)	0.028
Number of hospitalizations in the past year				0.002
0	260 (78.5)	89 (63.6)	171 (89.5)	0.016
1	45 (13.6)	33 (23.6)	12 (6.3)	0.005
≥ 2	20 (6.0)	15 (10.7)	5 (2.6)	< 0.001
In-hospital medical costs (CNY)	36225 (14870, 42335)	38006 (15242, 43220)	34319 (14182, 40107)	0.589
Clinical presentation
Hepatic injury symptoms	285 (86.1)	123 (87.9)	162 (84.8)	0.550
Hyperthyroid symptoms	264 (79.7)	108 (77.1)	156 (81.6)	0.358
Ascites	33 (9.9)	28 (20)	5 (2.6)	< 0.001
Hepatic encephalopathy	21 (6.3)	17 (12.1)	4 (2.1)	< 0.001
Hyperthyroid heart disease	42 (12.7)	11 (7.8)	31 (16.2)	0.012
Prognostic score
ALBI	-0.52 (-1.84, 0.21)	0.13 (-0.79, 0.27)	-1.35 (-3.13, 0.15)	0.021
Child-Pugh	8.7 (6.3, 11.5)	10.2 (8.9, 12.8)	7.1 (5.8, 9.1)	0.003
MELD	17.4 (12.0, 23.1)	20.6 (15.4, 25.2)	13.2 (10.6, 19.2)	< 0.001
MELD-Na	19.3 (13.1, 24.5)	22.5 (17.4, 27.6)	15.6 (11.4, 20.6)	0.002

The antithyroid drug-induced liver injury group is shown for baseline comparison only and was not included in the primary analyses. BMI: Body mass index; ALBI: Albumin-bilirubin index; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; HTI-LI: Hyperthyroidism-induced liver injury; ATDI-LI: Antithyroid drug-induced liver injury.