Chromatin accessibility module identified by single-cell sequencing underlies the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 1 Bulk the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing dataset identifies chromatin accessibility dynamics and tumor-associated pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. A: Transcription start site enrichment profiles (± 5 kb from transcription start site) validating sequencing quality across hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and paired normal samples; B: Genomic distribution (proportions of promoter, intronic, and distal regions) of chromatin accessibility peaks unique to HCC; C: Chromatin accessibility scores across genomic compartments. Promoter regions show the highest accessibility (Wilcoxon test, P < 0.001); D: Top enriched REACTOM pathways for genes with recurrent promoter-accessible peaks (adjusted P < 0.05); E: Weak but significant correlation between promoter accessibility and corresponding gene expression (Pearson r = 0.24, P < 0.001); F: Immune infiltration-associated chromatin features across HCC-specific peaks. Criteria for immune-associated peaks: Enhanced accessibility in immune cells; correlation with cytolytic activity. TSS: Transcription start site; UTR: Untranslated region; PE: Phosphatidyl ethanolamine; DC: Dendritic cells; NK: Natural killer cells; HSC: Hematopoietic stem cells.