Integrated serum metabolomics reveal molecular mechanism of Xietu Hemu prescription on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-related obesity

Figure 1 Xietu Hemu prescription inhibits metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-associated lipid accumulation in vivo and in vitro. A: Xietu Hemu prescription (XHP) clinical treatment inhibits lipid accumulation of the liver and visceral adipose tissue; B: Flow chart of the preparation of XHP-containing serum (XHPS); C and D: Cell activity assay after intervention with different concentrations of XHPS (n = 3); E: Schematic diagram of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease model construction with the HepG2 cell line by XHPS intervention; F-H: Oil red O staining of HepG2 cells after XHPS intervention with different concentrations and statistics of differences in lipid droplet area occupation (n = 3). Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. 400 ×, 25 μm. ^aP < 0.001 vs control; ^bP < 0.001 vs model; ^cP < 0.05 vs low dose of XHP (L-XHP); ^dP < 0.01 vs L-XHP; ^eP < 0.001 vs L-XHP; ^fP < 0.05 vs medium dose of XHP. XHP: Xietu Hemu prescription; XHPS: Xietu Hemu prescription-containing serum; MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; L-XHP: Low dose of Xietu Hemu prescription; M-XHP: Medium dose of Xietu Hemu prescription; H-XHP: High dose of Xietu Hemu prescription; VehS: Vehicle serum; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; PA: Palmitic acid; OA: Oleic acid.