Metabolic associated steatotic liver disease in Qatar: Analysis of dietary patterns and nutrient intake

Table 1 Sample characteristics of study patients, n (%)

Variable	Males (n = 34)	Females (n = 60)	Total (n = 94)	P value
Age (years)	47.9 (10.4)	50.6 (9.6)	49.6 (9.9)	0.216
Waist circumference (cm)	111.1 (13.1)	101.7 (21.2)	105.1 (19.2)	0.037a
Weight (kg)	96.5 (16.3)	85.4 (17.2)	89.4 (17.6)	0.003a
Body mass index	31.6 (5.0)	33.9 (6.5)	33.1 (6.1)	0.077
Body mass index classifications
Normal	3 (8.8)	3 (5.0)	6 (6.4)	0.763
Overweight	9 (26.5)	16 (26.7)	25 (26.6)
Obese	22 (64.7)	41 (68.3)	63 (67.0)
Nationality
Qatari	3 (8.8)	20 (33.3)	23 (24.5)	0.008a
Non-Qatari	31 (91.2)	40 (66.7)	71 (75.5)
Marital status
Single	1 (2.9)	3 (5.0)	4 (4.3)	0.548
Married	32 (94.1)	51 (85.0)	83 (88.3)
Divorced	1 (2.9)	4 (6.7)	5 (5.3)
Widowed	0 (0.0)	2 (3.3)	2 (2.1)
Education level
High school	6 (17.6)	22 (36.7)	28 (29.8)	0.030
Diploma	6 (17.6)	16 (26.7)	22 (23.4)
Bachelor or above	22 (64.7)	22 (36.7)	44 (46.8)
Work status
Work	32 (94.1)	28 (46.7)	60 (63.8)	< 0.001a
Don’t work	2 (5.9)	32 (53.3)	34 (36.2)
Work timings
Morning shift	25 (78.1)	23 (82.1)	48 (80.0)	0.180
Evening shift	0 (0.0)	2 (7.1)	2 (3.3)
Split shift	7 (21.9)	3 (10.7)	10 (16.7)
Special diet status
Yes	6 (17.6)	11 (18.3)	17 (18.1)	0.934
No	28 (82.4)	49 (81.7)	77 (81.9)
Meals consumed
1 meal	3 (8.8)	4 (6.7)	7 (7.4)	0.269
2 meals	23 (67.6)	30 (50.0)	53 (56.4)
3 meals	8 (23.5)	25 (41.7)	33 (35.1)
> 3 meals	0 (0.0)	1 (1.7)	1 (1.1)

^aP < 0.05.

Adapted from Eljazzar et al[26]. Copyright© 2025 Sereen Eljazzar, Souraia Mezhoud, Reema Tayyem. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by/4.0/).