Genetic predeterminants and recent advancements in steatotic liver disease: A roadmap toward precision hepatology

Figure 2 Schematic representation of intracellular pathways highlighting the key genes PNPLA3, TM6SF2, GCKR, and GCKR involved in susceptibility to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease development. The schematic highlights how variants in PNPLA3 (rs738409), TM6SF2 (rs58542926), GCKR (rs641738C>T), and GCKR (rs1260326) disrupt lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. PNPLA3 impairs triglyceride hydrolysis, TM6SF2 impairs very low-density lipoprotein secretion, GCKR impairs phospholipid metabolism, while GCKR increases glucose uptake and lipogenesis. This figure was created by BioRender.com (Supplementary material).