Lean body mass index is a marker of advanced tumor features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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Mar 27, 2024 (publication date) through May 16, 2024

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

World J Hepatol. Mar 27, 2024; 16(3): 393-404
Published online Mar 27, 2024. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.393

Table 2 Tumor, diagnosis, and treatment characteristics for cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma, n (%)

Variable	BMI < 25 kg/m², (n = 654)	BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m², (n = 767)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², (n = 841)	P value
Tumor size (cm)	5.1 ± 4.2	4.2 ± 3.0	4.2 ± 3.2	< 0.001
AFP (ng/mL) category
< 20	269 (43.7)	399 (54.8)	417 (51.9)	< 0.001
20-200	125 (20.3)	164 (22.5)	178 (22.1)
> 200	221 (35.9)	165 (22.7)	209 (26.0)
Tumor stage
Single	230 (35.2	331 (43.2)	386 (46.0)	< 0.001
3 tumors < 3 cm	88 (13.5)	97 (12.7)	116 (13.8)
Large multinodular	142 (21.7)	173 (22.6)	153 (18.2)
Vascular invasion or extrahepatic spread	193 (29.6)	165 (21.5)	184 (21.9)
Anatomic stage
Stage I	173 (32.8)	239 (41.0)	293 (43.3)	< 0.001
Stage II	147 (27.9)	169 (29.0)	179 (26.5)
Stage IIIA	36 (6.8)	38 (6.5)	49 (7.2)
Stage IIIB	55 (10.4)	38 (6.5)	65 (9.6)
Stage IIIC + IVA + IVB	116 (22.0)	99 (17.0)	90 (13.3)
Tumor outside of Milan criteria	363 (55.6)	370 (48.3)	397 (47.3)	0.003
Tumor differentiation
Well	70 (27.1)	109 (31.5)	116 (32.6)	0.15
Moderate	128 (49.6)	175 (50.6)	184 (51.7)
Poor	53 (20.6)	59 (17.0)	54 (15.2)
Undifferentiated/anaplastic	7 (2.7)	3 (0.9)	2 (0.5)
How was HCC diagnosed?
Part of screening	236 (45.8)	285 (48.6)	350 (54.8)	0.007
Incidental	120 (23.3)	120 (20.5)	116 (18.2)	0.098
Symptoms work up	246 (47.8)	244 (41.6)	241 (37.7)	0.003
Evidence of screening within 2 years	190 (36.8)	259 (44.0)	334 (52.1)	< 0.001
Liver transplantation	61 (9.3)	134 (17.5)	150 (17.8)	< 0.001
Palliative care/hospice	268 (41.0)	271 (35.3)	265 (31.5)	< 0.001

BMI: Body mass index; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Citation: deLemos AS, Zhao J, Patel M, Kooken B, Mathur K, Nguyen HM, Mazhar A, McCarter M, Burney H, Kettler C, Chalasani N, Gawrieh S. Lean body mass index is a marker of advanced tumor features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2024; 16(3): 393-404
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v16/i3/393.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v16.i3.393