Clinicopathological presentation of liver abscesses and hydatid liver disease from two South African tertiary hospitals

Table 2 Etiology of pyogenic abscesses

Disease	n = 166	%
Biliary	81	48.80
Benign	42	25.30
Benign CBD/CHD stricture	8	4.82
Cholecystitis/complicated cholecystitis	6	3.61
Choledocholithiasis	23	13.86
Mirrizi syndrome	3	1.81
HIV cholangiopathy	1	0.60
Ruptured gallbladder (sickle cell crisis)	1	0.60
Malignant	22	13.25
Cholangiocarcinoma	7	4.22
Gallbladder cancer	6	3.61
Pancreatic cancer	5	3.01
Periampullary tumor	4	2.41
Iatrogenic injury/biliary intervention	17	10.24
Bile duct injury (laparoscopic cholecystectomy)	2	1.20
Bile duct stricture (laparoscopic cholecystectomy)	2	1.20
Bile duct stricture (post pancreaticoduodenectomy)	1	0.60
Benign stricture (blocked stent)	2	1.20
Choledocholithiasis (blocked biliary stent)	2	1.20
Biliary malignancy (blocked stent)	7	4.22
Post portal vein embolization (cholangiocarcinoma)	1	0.60
Portal pyemia	14	8.43
Appendicitis	7	4.22
Colitis	2	1.20
Diverticular disease	3	1.81
Perforated peptic ulcer	1	0.60
Jejunal perforation	1	0.60
Other	5	3.01
Locally advanced colon cancer	1	0.60
Metastatic colon cancer	2	1.20
Metastatic adenocarcinoma (unknown primary)	1	0.60
Rectosigmoid stricture	1	0.60
Hematogenous	1	0.60
Cryptogenic	65	39.16

CBD: Common bile duct; CHD: Common hepatic duct.