Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Hepatol. Jul 27, 2023; 15(7): 867-882
Published online Jul 27, 2023. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i7.867
Table 1 Studies presenting gut dysbiosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Alterations of GM (↑/↓)
Country
Subjects
Year
Phylum
Family
Genus/Species
Ref.
United StatesObese patients without NASH (n = 25), NASH (n = 22), Controls (n = 16)2013Bacteroidetes; ↑Proteobacteria; ↓Firmicutes; ↓ActinobacteriaBifidobacteriaceae; ↑Alcaligenaceae; ↓Clostridiales family XI; ↑Campylobacteraceae; ↓Lachnospiraceae; ↑EnterobacteriaceaePrevotella; ↑Escherichia[69]
CanadaNAFLD (n = 33) vs Controls (n = 17)2013Bacteroidetes/Clostridium coccoides[124]
CanadaNAFLD (n = 30) vs Controls (n = 30)2013Proteobacteria; ↑Firmicutes; ↓BacteroidetesKiloniellaceae; ↑Pasteurellaceae; ↑Lactobacillaceae; ↑Lachnospiraceae; ↑Veillonellaceae; ↓Ruminococcaceae; ↓PorphyromonadaceaeLactobacillu; ↑Robinsoniella; ↑Roseburia; ↑Dorea; ↓Oscillibacter[125]
Hong KongNASH (n = 16) vs Controls (n = 22)2013Firmicutes/Faecalibacterium; ↓Anaerosporobacter; ↑Parabacteroides; ↑Allisonella[126]
ChinaNAFLD (n = 53) vs Controls (n = 32)2015Firmicutes; ↑ProteobacteriaPeptostreptococcaceae; ↑Lactobacillaceae; ↓Ruminococcaceae; ↓PorphyromonadaceaeEscherichia; ↑Lactobacillus; ↑Streptococcus; ↑Anaerobacter; ↓Prevotella[127]
United StatesControls (n = 26), obese (n = 11), NAFLD (n = 13)2015Actinobacteria/Erysipelotrichia; ↑Prevotella; ↓Alphaproteobacteria; ↑Clostridia; ↓Verrucomicrobia; ↑Fusobacteria; ↑Epsilonproteobacteria; ↑Gammaproteobacteria[67]
FranceNASH (n = 35) vs Controls (n = 22)2016ProteobacteriaEnterobacteriaceae; ↓RuminococcaceaeRuminococcus; ↓Prevotella; ↑Escherichia; ↓Anaerospacter; ↓Coprococcus; ↓Eubacterium; ↓Faecalibacterium; ↑Bacteroides[128]
ItalyNAFLD (n = 61) vs Controls (n = 54)2017Actinobacteria; ↓BacteroidetesRikenellaceaeBradyrhizobium; ↑Anaerococcus; ↑Peptoniphilus; ↑Ruminococcus; ↓Oscillopira; ↑Dorea; ↑Blautia; ↑Propionibacterium acnes[129]
ChinaNAFLD (n = 43) vs Controls (n = 83)2016Bacteroidetes; ↓FirmicutesBacteroidaceae; ↓Lachnospiraceae; ↑Prevotellaceae; ↓Ruminococcaceae; ↓Lactobacillaceae; ↓PeptostreptococcaceaeCoprococcus; ↓Anaerosporobacter; ↓Anaerotruncus; ↓Ruminococcus; ↓Lactobacillus[130]
ChinaNAFLD (n = 25) vs Controls (n = 22)2017Proteobacteria; ↓BacteroidetesLachnospiraceae; ↑Enterobacteriaceae; ↓Prevotellaceae; ↓Ruminococcaceae; ↑Erysipelotrichaceae; ↑StreptococcaceaeFusobacteria; ↓Prevotella; ↑Blautia; ↑Escherichia; ↑Shigella; ↑Fusobacteria; ↑Escherichia Shigella[131]
CanadaNAFLD (n = 39) vs Controls (n = 28)2018Firmicutes; ↓BacteroidetesLactobacillaceaeRuminococcus; ↓Faecalibacterium; ↓Coprococcus[132]
ItalyObese, NAFL and NASH (n = 61) and Controls (n = 54)2016//Lactobacilli; ↓Bifidobacteria; ↑Lactobacilli mucosae; ↓Bifidobacteria longum; ↓Bifidobacteria adolescent; ↓Bifidobacteria bifidum[133]
BrazilNASH (n = 13) vs Controls (n = 10)2017//Bacteroides; ↑Lactobacilli; ↓Ruminococcu; ↓Bifidobacterium; ↑Prevotella; ↓Faecalibacterium[134]
ChinaNAFLD (n = 30) vs Controls (n = 37)2018/Lactobacillaceae; ↑Veillonellaceae; ↑Peptostreptococcaceae; ↑Coprobacillaceae; ↑Erysipelotrichaceae; ↓Paraprevotellaceae; ↓VictivallaceaePorphyromonas; ↑Clostridium; ↑Blautia; ↑Dorea; ↑Peptococcus; ↑Peptococcaceae_rc4-4; ↑Mitsuokella; ↑Slackia; ↑Succinivibrio; ↓Odoribacter; ↓Coprococcus; ↓Proteus[135]
GermanyNAFLD (n = 90) vs Controls (n = 21)2020BacteroidetesRuminococcaceae; ↑Lactobacillaceae; ↑VeillonellaceaeDorea[136]
United StatesNAFLD (n = 44) vs Controls (n = 29)2020Bacteroidetes/Prevotella; ↓Gemmiger; ↓Oscillospira[137]