Treatment of liver fibrosis: Past, current, and future

Table 2 Recruiting and active clinical trials (Clinicaltrials.gov, accession date: March 1, 2023)

Method	Interventions	NCT number	Phases	Title	Conditions
Drug	ZED1227; Placebo	NCT05305599	2	Different Doses of ZED1227 vs Placebo in NAFLD	NAFLD; Fibrosis
	Tropifexor; Licogliflozin; Placebo	NCT04065841	2	Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of the Combination of Tropifexor & Licogliflozin and Each Monotherapy, Compared with Placebo in Adult Patients with NASH and Liver Fibrosis	NASH; Liver fibrosis
	Tenofovir disoproxil Fumarate; PEG-Interferon alfa 2a	NCT03957629	N/A	Optimized Treatment of Peginterferon Alfa 2a in Treatment Experienced Patients with HBV-Related Liver Fibrosis	Hepatitis B; Fibrosis
	Sildenafil	NCT04908657	4	Sildenafil for Liver Fibrosis in Adolescents and Adults After Fontan Operation	Fibrosis
	Saroglitazar magnesium	NCT05011305	2	Saroglitazar Magnesium for the Treatment of NASH with Fibrosis	NASH; Fibrosis
	Saroglitazar magnesium	NCT05045482	1	Hepatic Impairment with Cirrhosis Due to Cholestatic Liver Disease	Hepatic impairment; Cirrhosis
	Rivaroxaban apixaban	NCT04874428	1	Direct Oral Anticoagulants (Rivaroxaban and Apixaban) in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis	Cirrhosis
	Resmetirom; Placebo	NCT05500222	3	A Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Effect of Resmetirom on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Well-compensated NASH Cirrhosis (MAESTRO-NASH-OUTCOMES)	NASH; Cirrhosis
	Rencofilstat; Placebo	NCT05402371	2	A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Rencofilstat in Subjects with NASH and Advanced Liver Fibrosis	NASH; Fibrosis, Liver NAFLD
	Placebo; Esomeprazole	NCT04448028	4	Stop of Proton-pump Inhibitor Treatment in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis - a Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial	Liver cirrhosis
	PHIN-214	NCT05490888	1	Single Dose Escalation of PHIN-214 in Child-Pugh A and B Liver Cirrhotics	Cirrhosis; Fibrosis; Hepatic ascites
	Placebo zibotentan + dapagliflozin	NCT05516498	2	Zibotentan and Dapagliflozin Combination, EvAluated in Liver Cirrhosis (ZEAL Study)	Cirrhosis
	L-ornithine; L-aspartate	NCT05737030	4	Effect of L-ornithine-L-aspertate (LOLA) on the Gut Microbiome	Cirrhosis
	Hydronidone capsules; The placebo capsules	NCT05115942	3	Hydronidone for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis Associated with Chronic Viral Hepatitis B Phase 3 Trial	Liver fibrosis
	Growth hormone	NCT05253287	2/3	Growth Hormone in Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis	Cirrhosis; Fibrosis
	Empagliflozin 10 MG; Placebo pills	NCT05147090	4	Effects of Empagliflozin on Fibrosis and Cirrhosis in Chronic Hepatitis B	NAFLD; Cirrhosis; Fibrosis
	Cotadutide; Placebo	NCT05364931	2/3	A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Cotadutide Given by Subcutaneous Injection in Adult Participants with Non-cirrhotic Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis with Fibrosis	Non-cirrhotic NASH with Fibrosis
	Candesartan; Ramipril	NCT03770936	3	Effect of Some Drugs on Liver Fibrosis	Liver fibrosis
	Branched-chain amino acid; Placebo	NCT03633279	4	Treatment of Sarcopenia Improves the Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength of Patients with Liver Cirrhosis-Child C	Liver cirrhosis
	BMS-986263; Placebo	NCT04267393	2	Safety and Effectiveness of BMS-986263 in Adults with Compensated Cirrhosis (Liver Disease) From Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)	NASH
	AZD4831; Placebo	NCT05638737	2	A Study in Participants with Non-cirrhotic NASH With Fibrosis	Non-cirrhotic NASH with fibrosis
	Atorvastatin; Placebo	NCT05028829	2	Safety and Efficacy of Atorvastatin v. Placebo on HCC Risk	Liver fibrosis; Cirrhosis
Dietary supplement	Leucine enriched essential amino acid; Balanced amino acid supplement (BAA)	NCT03208868	N/A	Leucine-Enriched Essential Amino Acid Mixture to Reverse Muscle Loss in Cirrhosis	Cirrhosis
	Hydroxy methyl butyrate; Balanced Amino Acids	NCT05166499	N/A	HMB Enriched Amino Acids to Reverse Muscle Loss in Cirrhosis	Cirrhosis
Biological	Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell comprehensive treatment	NCT03945487	2	Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treatment for Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis	Decompensated liver cirrhosis
	Mesenchymal stem cell	NCT03254758	1/2	A Study of ADR-001 in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis	Decompensated liver cirrhosis
	Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells	NCT05227846	1	Human Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Decompensated Cirrhosis (MSC-DLC-1)	Decompensated cirrhosis
	Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell infusion	NCT05331872	1	Umbilical Cord-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Infusion in the Management of Adult Liver Cirrhosis	Liver cirrhosis
	Fecal microbiota transplantation; Placebo	NCT04932577	2/3	Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Liver Cirrhosis	Cirrhosis
	Cellgram-LC	NCT04689152	3	Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Cellgram-LC Administration in Patients with Alcoholic Cirrhosis	Alcoholic cirrhosis
	Autologous BM MSC	NCT03626090	1/2	Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Liver Cirrhosis	Cirrhosis
	Allogeneic umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell	NCT04357600	1/2	Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell for Liver Cirrhosis Patient Caused by Hepatitis B	Cirrhosis
Other	Weight loss	NCT05104541	N/A	Impact of Weight Loss in Cirrhosis with Obesity and MAFLD	Liver cirrhosis
	Lifestyle therapy bariatric surgery	NCT03472157	N/A	A Randomized Controlled Study Evaluating Bariatric Surgery as a Treatment for Severe NASH With Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Non-severe Obese Patients	Surgery; Obesity; NASH; Cirrhosis
	Indo mediterranean diet calorie restricted diet	NCT05073588	N/A	Effect of Indo-Mediterranean Diet on Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis in NAFLD Children	NAFLD

N/A: Not applicable; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.