COVID-19 and liver dysfunction in children: Current views and new hypotheses

Table 1 Laboratory features of coronavirus disease 2019-related liver injury in children

Ref.	Number of patients	Age range	Abnormal liver function	E-ALT	E-AST	E-ALP	E-GGT	E-TBIL	D-albumi, n (%)
Alkan et al[19]	294	14 d-18 years	130 (44.2%)	15 (5.1%)	98 (33.3%)	19 (6.6%)	26 (8.9%)	11 (3.8%)	NA
Esmaeili et al[20]	18	3-10 years	6 (33.3%)	5 (27.8%)	7 (38.9%)	0	NA	3 (16.7%)	3 (16.7%)
Liu et al[21]	46	0-1 year	20 (43.5%)	11 (25.0%)	20 (45.5%)	NA	NA	6 (13.6%)	8 (18.2%)
Parri et al[22]	130	0-17 years	NA	8/68 (11.8%)	11/60 (18.3%)	NA	NA	NA	NA
Du et al[23]	182	0-15 years	NA	9/180 (5.0%)	24/180 (13.3%)	11/174 (6.3%)	NA	NA	NA
Sun et al[24]	8	2 mo-15 years	4 (50.0%)	4 (50.0%)	0	NA	NA	0	NA

E-ALT: Elevated alanine aminotransferase; E-AST: Elevated aspartate aminotransferase; E-ALP: Elevated alkaline phosphatase; E-GGT: Elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase; E-TBIL: Elevated total bilirubin; D-albumin: Decreased albumin; NA: Not available.