Baseline hepatocyte ballooning is a risk factor for adverse events in patients with chronic hepatitis B complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 2 Comparison of baseline characteristics of chronic hepatitis B patients with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, n (%)

Parameters	NAFLD	No NAFLD	P value
	n = 152	n = 304
Age (yr)	41.87 ± 9.44	40.69 ± 10.85	0.24
< 40	67 (44.1)	141 (46.4)	0.64
40-60	77 (50.7)	148 (48.7)
≥ 60	8 (5.3)	15 (4.9)
Sex female	41 (27)	119 (39.1)	0.01
BMI (kg/m2)			< 0.001
< 23	31 (20.4)	165 (54.3)
23-25	49 (32.2)	78 (25.7)
≥ 25	72 (47.4)	61 (20.1)
Diabetes	27 (17.8)	15 (4.9)	< 0.001
Hypertension	18 (11.8)	20 (6.6)	0.07
Cirrhosis	24 (15.8)	43 (14.1)	0.64
Duration of follow-up (mo)	71 (27-118)	73 (32-114)	0.08
HBV DNA (IU/mL)			0.08
< 500 IU/mL	29 (19.1)	69 (22.7)
< 4 log10	21 (13.8)	60 (19.7)
≥ 4 log10	102 (67.1)	175 (57.6)
HBeAg (-)	91 (59.9)	210 (69.1)	0.05
TBil (µmol/L)	15.69 ± 9.06	15.91 ± 9.1	0.8
ALB (g/L)	44.22 ± 3.42	43.62 ± 3.81	0.1
PB (mg/L)	241.53 ± 67.19	224.74 ± 73.69	0.02
ALT (U/L)	85 (32-275)	77 (26-263)	0.002
≤ 40	67 (44.1)	172 (56.6)	0.012
> 40	85 (55.9)	132 (43.4)
AST (U/L)	76 (27-248)	83 (26.5-247)	0.28
ALP (U/L)	84.7 ± 26.3	83.92 ± 31.68	0.8
GGT (U/L)	40.88 ± 36.95	36.31 ± 38.17	0.23
GLU (mmol/L)	5.48 ± 1.07	5.34 ± 1.02	0.2
TC (mmol/L)	4.32 ± 0.88	4.17 ± 0.71	0.08
TG (mmol/L)	1.54 ± 1.04	1.23 ± 0.5	0.001
LDL (mmol/L)	2.7 ± 0.68	2.56 ± 0.7	0.049
HDL (mmol/L)	1.32 ± 0.4	1.35 ± 0.31	0.27
PLT (× 109/L)	167.05 ± 54.18	159.13 ± 56.02	0.15
AFP (ng/mL)	3.25 (2.15-5.83)	2.93 (2.03-5.81)	0.33

NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI: Body mass index; TBil: Total bilirubin; ALB: Albumin; PB: Prealbumin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; GLU: Fasting blood glucose; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HDL: High density lipoprotein; PLT: Platelet; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen.