A retrospective study on use of palliative care for patients with alcohol related end stage liver disease in United States

Table 2 Multivariate regression for palliative consult

Variable	Adjusted odds ratio	95%CI	P value
Age	1.02	1.00-1.04	< 0.001
Median income in patient zip code
$1-$38999	Reference
$39000-$47999	1.07	0.98-1.16	0.117
$48000-$62999	0.99	0.9-1.08	0.983
> $63000	0.95	0.85-1.02	0.141
Female sex	1.07	1.00-1.14	0.023
Race
Caucasian	Reference
African Americans	0.81	0.72-0.9	< 0.001
Hispanic	0.71	0.64-0.78	< 0.001
Others	0.89	0.78-1.00	0.069
Charleson comorbidity index	1.1	1.08-1.12	< 0.001
Insurance status
Medicare	Reference
Medicaid	1.34	1.19-1.51	< 0.001
Private insurance	1.18	1.08-1.29	< 0.001
Uninsured	1.52	1.36-1.7	< 0.001
Teaching hospital	1.4	1.28-1.53	< 0.001
Bed size
< 250 beds	Reference
251-400 beds	1.24	1.09-1.42	0.001
> 400 Beds	1.25	1.1-1.41	< 0.001
Urban location	0.96	0.83-1.19	0.625
Length of stay by groups
< 3 d	Reference
3-5 d	0.92	0.84-1.00	0.065
> 5 d	1.18	1.10-1.26	< 0.001
Rehab transfer	4.07	3.29-5.04	< 0.001
ACLF Score
1	2.53	2.35-2.71	< 0.001
2	6.05	5.5-6.66	< 0.001
3	9.86	8.75-11.1	< 0.001
4	10.61	7.32-15.42	< 0.001
ACLF ≥ 2	3.47	3.21-3.74	< 0.001
Hepatocellular carcinoma	1.78	1.58-2.00	< 0.001
Infection	1.58	1.48-1.69	< 0.001
Mechanical ventilation	3.32	3.1-3.54	< 0.001
Total parenteral nutrition	2.02	1.8-2.27	< 0.001
Hepatorenal syndrome	3.4	3.04-3.81	< 0.001
Ascites	1.13	1.03-1.24	< 0.001
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis	3.34	2.65-3.86	< 0.001
Age	1.02	1.00-1.04	< 0.001
Female sex	1.07	1.00-1.14	0.023
Race
Caucasian	Reference
African Americans	0.81	0.72-0.9	< 0.001
Hispanic	0.71	0.64-0.78	< 0.001
Others	0.89	0.78-1.00	0.069
Charleson comorbidity index	1.1	1.08-1.12	< 0.001
Insurance status
Medicare	Reference
Medicaid	1.34	1.19-1.51	< 0.001
Private insurance	1.18	1.08-1.29	< 0.001
Uninsured	1.52	1.36-1.7	< 0.001
Teaching hospital	1.4	1.28-1.53	< 0.001
Bed size
< 250 beds	Reference
251-400 beds	1.24	1.09-1.42	0.001
> 400 Beds	1.25	1.1-1.41	< 0.001
Urban location	0.96	0.83-1.19	0.625
Length of stay by groups
< 3 d	Reference
3-5 d	0.92	0.84-1.00	0.065
> 5 d	1.18	1.10-1.26	< 0.001
Rehab transfer	4.07	3.29-5.04	< 0.001
ACLF ≥ 2	3.47	3.21-3.74	< 0.001

ACLF: Acute-on-chronic liver failure.