Bile acid indices as biomarkers for liver diseases I: Diagnostic markers

Table 9 Summary of non-bile acids parameters

Non-BA parameters	Controls		Patients										ROC1
			Pooled		Low-MELD		Medium-MELD		Compensated		Decompensated		AUC
	mean	SE	mean	SE	mean	SE	mean	SE	mean	SE	mean	SE
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.87	0.01	0.99	0.05	0.93	0.07	1.33b	0.16	1.05	0.15	1.05	0.06	0.539
Albumin (g/dL)	3.96	0.02	3.61a	0.03	3.61	0.03	2.82b	0.10	3.69	0.04	3.03c	0.06	0.713
INR	0.99	0.01	1.18a	0.02	1.11	0.01	1.63b	0.10	1.15	0.03	1.36c	0.03	0.758
Protime (s)	13.4	0.10	10.2a	0.33	13.6	0.13	19.4b	0.98	11.2	0.52	13.7c	0.64	0.591
AST (U/L)	22.8	0.34	53.2a	2.31	52.1	2.59	79.2b	10.4	52.6	3.97	61.7	4.85	0.876
ALT (U/L)	21.0	0.46	51.0a	2.60	51.0	3.24	46.0	5.54	49.0	4.09	40.6	3.55	0.825
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.62	0.03	1.58a	0.09	1.31	0.05	5.02b	0.68	1.42	0.12	3.04c	0.29	0.804
AST/ALT	1.15	0.01	1.22	0.02	1.21	0.03	1.79b	0.09	1.21	0.04	1.61c	0.05	0.500
MELD	7.13	0.10	10.3a	0.24	9.07	0.16	18.9	0.42	9.54	0.37	14.0c	0.46	0.747
APRI	NA	NA	0.93	0.06	1.05	0.07	2.44b	0.42	0.94	0.08	1.63c	0.18	NA

¹Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve from receiver operating characteristic analysis of pooled patients vs controls.

^aSignificant difference between patients vs controls (P < 0.05).

^bSignificant difference between medium-model for end-stage liver disease vs low-model for end-stage liver disease groups (P < 0.05).

^cSignificant difference between decompensated vs compensated patients (P < 0.05).

NA: Not available; BA: Bile acids; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; APRI: Aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index; ROC: Receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC: Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve.