Meta-Analysis
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Hepatol. Feb 27, 2021; 13(2): 242-260
Published online Feb 27, 2021. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i2.242
Table 1 Selected studies for systematic review and meta-analysis of occult hepatitis C virus infection prevalence in the Middle Eastern countries and Eastern Mediterranean Region
Ref.Years of data collectionCountryPopulationSerostatusHCV RNA detection methodSample sizeOCI
Number
Percent
Makvandi et al[21], 20142011-2012IranPatients with unexplained abnormal ALTSeronegativeIs-nested PCR531732.08
Zaghloul et al[22], 20102010Egypt(1) Patients with unexplained abnormal ALT and AST; (2) Patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved SVRSeronegative/seropositiverRT-PCR1021110.78
El Shazly et al[23], 20152014EgyptHealthy sexual partners of patients with HCV infectionSeronegativerRT-PCR5024.00
Bozkurt et al[74], 2014?TurkeyHemodialysis patientsSeronegativerRT-PCR8433.57
Mohamed et al[25], 20172017EgyptHemodialysis patientsSeronegativeRT-PCR6023.33
Donyavi et al[26], 20192015-2018IranHIV positive injecting drug usersSeronegative/seropositiveRT-nested PCR771418.18
Ayadi et al[27], 20192017-2018IranHemodialysis patientsSeronegativeRT-nested PCR5159518.45
El-Rehewy et al[29], 20152012-2014EgyptHemodialysis patientsSeronegativerRT-PCR75810.67
Sheikh et al[31], 20192017-2018IranInjecting drug users(negative for HIV)Seronegative/seropositiveRT-nested PCR115119.57
Jamshidi et al[33], 20202015-2019IranHIV positive patientsSeronegative/seropositiveRT-nested PCR143149.79
Abd Alla et al[35], 20172015-2017Egypt(1) Patients with chronic hepatitis C; (2) Healthy individualsSeronegative/seropositiveRT-nested PCR1744123.56
Ramezani et al[16], 20142014IranHemodialysis patientsSeronegative/seropositiveRT-nested PCR3000.00
Muazzam et al[17], 20112007-2009PakistanPatients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved SVRSeronegativerRT-PCR10400.00
Naghdi et al[36], 20172017IranHemodialysis patientsSeronegativeRT-nested PCR19863.03
Abdelrahim et al[38], 20162013-2014EgyptHemodialysis patientsSeronegativerRT-PCR8133.70
Ali et al[39], 20182014EgyptHemodialysis patientsSeronegativerRT-PCR39923.08
Keyvani et al[41], 20132007-2013IranPatients with cryptogenic cirrhosisSeronegativeRT-nested PCR4548.89
Serwah et al[42], 20142013-2014Saudi ArabiaHemodialysis patientsSeronegativerRT-PCR841214.29
El-shishtawy et al[43], 20152015Egypt(1) Hemodialysis patients; (2) Healthy volunteersSeronegativeStrand-specific RT-PCR63812.70
Nafari et al[44], 20202017-2018IranHemophilia patientsSeronegativeRT-nested PCR4504610.22
Eslamifar et al[71], 20152013IranHemodialysis patientsSeronegativeRT-nested PCR7000.00
Bokharaei-Salim et al[46], 20112007-2010IranPatients with cryptogenic liver diseaseSeronegativeRT-nested PCR69710.14
Rezaee Zavareh et al[47], 20142012-2013IranPatients with autoimmune hepatitisSeronegativeRT-nested PCR3500.00
Ayadi et al[48], 20192017-2018IranThalassemia patientsSeronegativeRT-nested PCR18163.31
Mekky et al[50], 20192017EgyptPatients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved SVRSeropositiverRT-PCR1280503.91
El-Moselhy et al[51], 20152014-2015EgyptHemodialysis patientsUnknownRT-PCR/RT-nested PCR661827.27
Anber et al[76], 20162015EgyptHemodialysis patientsSeronegative/seropositiverRT-PCR63914.29
Abdelmoemen et al[53], 20182016EgyptHemodialysis patientsSeronegativerRT-PCR6234.84
Eldaly et al[54], 2016?EgyptBlood donorsSeronegativeRT-nested PCR13885.80
Youssef et al[55], 20122010-2011Egypt(1) Patients with lymphoproliferative disorders; (2) Healthy volunteersSeronegativeRT-PCR/RT-nested PCR871213.79
Bastani et al[57], 20162015IranThalassemia patientsSeronegativeRT-nested PCR10665.66
Farahani et al[58], 20132010-2011IranPatients with lymphoproliferative disordersSeronegativeRT-nested PCR10421.92
Yousif et al[59], 20182017EgyptPatients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved SVRSeropositiverRT-PCR1501711.33
Bokharaei-Salim et al[60], 20162014-2015IranHIV positive patientsSeronegative/seropositiveRT-nested PCR821012.20
Helaly et al[15], 20172014-2015Egypt(1) Patients with hematologic disorders; (2) Healthy subjectsSeronegativeRT-nested PCR501836.00
Alavian et al[69], 2013?IranPatients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved SVRSeropositiveRT-PCR70912.86
Askar et al[49], 2010?EgyptPatients with unexplained persistently abnormal liver function testsSeronegativeRT-nested PCR452044.44