Obeticholic acid attenuates human immunodeficiency virus/alcohol metabolism-induced pro-fibrotic activation in liver cells

Figure 1 Obeticholic acid attenuates apoptosis in acetaldehyde-generating system-human immunodeficiency virus-exposed Huh7. 5-CYP cells. A: Cleaved caspase 3 (western blot, representative blot); B: Cleaved caspase 3 cleavage, quantification; C: Cleaved PARP (western blot, representative blot); D: Cleaved PARP, quantification; E: M30 ELISA. All data were obtained from 3 independent experiments and presented as mean ± SEM. Bars with different letters are significantly different at P ≤ 0.05. AGS: Acetaldehyde-generating system; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; OCA: Obeticholic acid.