Reactivation of hepatitis B after liver transplantation: Current knowledge, molecular mechanisms and implications in management

Table 3 Hepatitis B immunoglobulin-free regimens in preventing recurrence of hepatitis B virus infection after liver transplantation

Ref.	No. of patients	Median duration of follow-up (mo)	Therapy	HBsAg loss	Undetectable HBV DNA
Fung et al[161], 2017	265	59	ETV	At 1, 3, 5, and 8 yr of follow up, 85%, 88%, 87.0%, and 92% were negative for HBsAg, respectively	At 1, 3, 5 and 8 yr of follow up, 95%, 99%, 100%, and 100% had undetectable HBV DNA, respectively
Fung et al[158], 2013	362	53	LAM = 176 (49%), ETV = 142 (39%), and 44 (12%) were on combination therapy (Either LAM or ETV) plus nucleotide analog (either ADV or TDF)	HBsAg seronegativity at 1, 3, 5 and 8 yr was 80%, 82%, 82% and 88%	HBV DNA suppression to undetectable levels at 1, 3, 5 and 8 yr was 94%, 96%, 96%, and 98%. Rate of HBV DNA suppression for LAM, combination therapy, and ETV at 1 yr was 97%, 94%, and 95%, respectively
Fung et al[159], 2011	80	26	ETV	The cumulative rate of HBsAg loss was 86% and 91% after 1 and 2 yr, respectively	95% with undetectable HBV DNA and 5% had low level viremia
Wadhawan et al[157], 2013	75	21	19 patients received a combination of LAM+ADV, 42 received entecavir, 12 received TDF, and 2 received a combination of ETV + TDF	The cumulative probabilities of clearing HBsAg were 90% and 92% at 1 and 2 yr after transplantation, respectively	Nine patients were HBsAg-positive with undetectable DNA at the last follow-up. The recurrence rate in our series was 8% (6/75)

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; LAM: Lamivudine; ETV: Entecavir; TDF: Tenofovir.