Human dental pulp stem cells: Applications in future regenerative medicine

Table 1 Normal differentiation pathways of adult stem cells from various tissues and cells

Stem cell	Source	Types of cells produced
Hematopoietic	All types of blood cells	Red blood cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, monocytes, macrophages and platelets
Bone marrow	Connective tissues	Tendons, osteocytes (bone cells), adipocytes (fat cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells)
Stromal cells
(mesenchymal)
Neural	Parts of the nervous system	Neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes
Epithelial	Lining of the digestive tract	Absorptive cells, goblet cells, paneth cells and endocrine cells
Epidermal	Basal layer of epidermis	Keratinocytes and dermal cells
Follicular	Base of hair follicles	Hair follicles and epidermis
Hepatic	Liver	Hepatocyte cells